Chapter Overview

The understanding of living cells and processes is enhanced by a knowledge of chemistry.
The structure and function of all matter in the universe is based on atoms.
Atoms have unique structures and properties that allow chemical reactions to occur.
Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons in combinations to form elements.
Living things are composed of approximately 25 different elements.
Elements interact to form bonds that result in molecules and compounds with different characteristics than the elements that form them.
Atoms can show variations in charge and polarity.
Atoms and molecules undergo chemical reactions such as oxidation/reduction, ionization, and dissolution.
The properties of carbon have been critical in forming macromolecules of life such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
The nature of macromolecule structure and shape dictates its functions.
Cells carry out fundamental activities of life, such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, synthesis, and transport, that are all essentially chemical reactions on a grand scale.

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