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1 | |
A fibrous, flattened, sheet-like tendon is known as |
| | A) | fascia |
| | B) | aponeurosis |
| | C) | a tendon sheath |
| | D) | a broad ligament |
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2 | |
The connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers is |
| | A) | perimysium |
| | B) | epimysium |
| | C) | endomysium |
| | D) | elastin |
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3 | |
Skeletal muscle cells contain many |
| | A) | nuclei |
| | B) | mitochondria |
| | C) | both |
| | D) | neither |
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4 | |
The dark bands in skeletal muscle fibers that contribute to its striated appearance are known as |
| | A) | A bands |
| | B) | Z bands |
| | C) | H bands |
| | D) | I bands |
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5 | |
The segment of a muscle fiber that contains actin and myosin is the |
| | A) | A band |
| | B) | Z lines |
| | C) | H zone |
| | D) | sarcomere |
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6 | |
The sarcomere, the basic unit of skeletal muscle extends from |
| | A) | A band to A band |
| | B) | M line to M line |
| | C) | H band to H band |
| | D) | Z line to Z line |
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7 | |
Which of the following is not characteristic of the motor end plate of a muscle fiber? |
| | A) | many nuclei |
| | B) | synaptic vesicles |
| | C) | abundant mitochondria |
| | D) | extensive folding of the sarcolemma |
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8 | |
When the cross bridge of the myosin molecule forms linkages with actin filaments, the result is |
| | A) | shortening of the muscle fiber |
| | B) | creation of a high energy bond |
| | C) | membrane polarization |
| | D) | release of acetylcholine |
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9 | |
ATPase is stored in |
| | A) | the actin filament helix |
| | B) | the globular portion of the myosin filament |
| | C) | myosin cross bridges |
| | D) | muscle cell cytoplasm |
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10 | |
When a nerve impulse reaches the end of a motor neuron, |
| | A) | the number of synaptic vesicles increase |
| | B) | muscle fibers stretch |
| | C) | calcium ions move out of the cytoplasm of the neuron |
| | D) | acetylcholine is released |
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11 | |
The toxin of clostridium botulinum causes death by |
| | A) | decreasing the permeability of the sarcolemma to calcium |
| | B) | increasing the release of acetylcholinesterase |
| | C) | halting the formation of new synaptic vesicles |
| | D) | preventing the release of acetylcholine |
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12 | |
Muscle fibers undergoing sustained, strenuous exercise depend upon |
| | A) | aerobic respiration |
| | B) | increased metabolism of glucose |
| | C) | anaerobic respiration |
| | D) | increased blood supply |
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13 | |
Oxygen debt secondary to strenuous exercise is due to |
| | A) | insufficient oxygen to promote conversion of lactic acid to pyruvic acid |
| | B) | lack of available oxygen to convert ADP to ATP |
| | C) | both |
| | D) | neither |
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14 | |
The strength of a muscle in response to different levels of stimulation is determined by the |
| | A) | level of stimulation delivered to individual muscle fibers |
| | B) | number of fibers that respond in each motor unit |
| | C) | number of motor units receiving a threshold stimulus |
| | D) | characteristics of each muscle group |
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15 | |
The result of summation and recruitment together is |
| | A) | hypotonic contraction |
| | B) | sustained tetanic contraction |
| | C) | muscle tone |
| | D) | muscle hypertrophy |
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16 | |
Muscle tone refers to |
| | A) | a state of sustained, partial contraction of muscles that is necessary to maintain posture |
| | B) | a feeling of well-being following exercise |
| | C) | the ability of a muscle to maintain contraction against an outside force |
| | D) | the condition athletes attain after intensive training |
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17 | |
Rhythmicity is a property of |
| | A) | multiunit smooth muscle |
| | B) | skeletal muscle |
| | C) | both |
| | D) | neither |
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18 | |
Peristalsis is due to which of the following characteristics of smooth muscle? |
| | A) | excitability |
| | B) | automaticity |
| | C) | rhythmicity |
| | D) | autonomic innervation |
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19 | |
The rapidity with which an impulse spreads in cardiac muscle is due to |
| | A) | increased amounts of neurotransmitters |
| | B) | the presence of striated muscle fibers |
| | C) | intercalated disks between muscle fibers |
| | D) | the property of excitability |
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20 | |
Muscles that assist the prime mover in producing a movement are called |
| | A) | assistants |
| | B) | synergists |
| | C) | potentiators |
| | D) | agonists |
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21 | |
Antagonistic muscles |
| | A) | are always located on the opposite side of the body from the prime mover |
| | B) | have different speeds and strengths of contraction |
| | C) | produce extension rather than abduction |
| | D) | perform functions opposite to those performed by the prime mover |
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22 | |
Muscles that are involved in chewing are attached to the |
| | A) | maxilla |
| | B) | mandibular process of the temporal bone |
| | C) | zygomatic bone |
| | D) | mandible |
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23 | |
The muscle that compresses the cheeks inward when it contracts is the |
| | A) | orbicularis oris |
| | B) | epicranius |
| | C) | platysma |
| | D) | buccinator |
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24 | |
The muscles that flex, extend, and rotate the head include all of the following except |
| | A) | pectoralis minor |
| | B) | sternocleidomastoid |
| | C) | splenius capitis |
| | D) | semisplinalis capitis |
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25 | |
The insertion of the sternocleidomastoid is the |
| | A) | anterior surface of the sternum |
| | B) | mastoid process of the temporal bone |
| | C) | occipital bone |
| | D) | spinous processes of the lower cervical vertebrae |
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26 | |
The primary extensors of the upper arm are the |
| | A) | coracobrachialis and pectoralis major |
| | B) | teres major and latissimus dorsi |
| | C) | supraspinatus and deltoid |
| | D) | subscapularis and infraspinatus |
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27 | |
The muscle that abducts the upper arm and can both flex and extend the humerus is the |
| | A) | biceps brachii |
| | B) | deltoid |
| | C) | infraspinatus |
| | D) | triceps brachii |
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28 | |
Which of the following muscles produce plantar flexion? |
| | A) | gastrocnemius |
| | B) | peroneus tertius |
| | C) | tibialis anterior |
| | D) | extensor digitorum longus |
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29 | |
Skeletal muscle is composed of skeletal muscle tissue, nervous tissue, blood, and connective tissue. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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30 | |
Layers of connective tissue that extend into muscle and form compartments within the muscle are fascicles. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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31 | |
Skeletal muscle is composed of multiple layers surrounded by connective tissue. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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32 | |
A skeletal muscle fiber is an individual cell that contracts and shortens when stimulated. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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33 | |
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is composed of invaginations of the muscle cell membrane that contain extracellular fluid. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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34 | |
The severity of muscle strain depends on the number of muscle fibers that are damaged. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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35 | |
A motor neuron connects to a single muscle fiber. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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36 | |
During muscle contraction, the head of myosin cross bridges attaches to actin binding sites and bends slightly pulling the actin filament toward the center of the sarcomere. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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37 | |
An influx of potassium ions into the muscle fiber is responsible for cross linking of actin and myosin filaments. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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38 | |
The energy source for conversion of ADP to ATP in an actively contracting muscle is creatine phosphate. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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39 | |
Oxygen is stored in muscle tissue in molecules of hemoglobin in the cytoplasm of muscle cells located near mitochondria. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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40 | |
Muscle fatigue is the inability to contract after a period of sustained, strenuous exercise. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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41 | |
Much of the heat of the body is produced by the metabolic activities of viscera. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education