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1 | |
The three major types of blood vessels are _______. |
| | A) | cardiac, smooth, and striated |
| | B) | arteries, capillaries, and veins |
| | C) | afferent, efferent, and divergent |
| | D) | diastolic, systolic, and peristaltic |
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2 | |
The vessel that lies deepest in the body, with the thickest wall and carrying blood under greatest pressure is the _______. |
| | A) | artery |
| | B) | vein |
| | C) | capillary |
| | D) | pulmonary |
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3 | |
An artery can expand to accommodate the sudden increase in blood volume after each heartbeat. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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4 | |
Small arteries are called _______. |
| | A) | arteriettes |
| | B) | venules |
| | C) | capillaries |
| | D) | pulmonary arteries |
| | E) | arterioles |
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5 | |
Whether you blush or turn pale is determined by dilation or constriction of the _____. |
| | A) | valves in the veins |
| | B) | venules |
| | C) | capillaries |
| | D) | major arteries |
| | E) | arterioles |
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6 | |
An exchange of nutrients and wastes takes place across ________ walls. |
| | A) | artery |
| | B) | vein |
| | C) | capillary |
| | D) | heart |
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7 | |
All of the capillaries in the body are open to blood flow all of the time. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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8 | |
Valves allow blood to flow _______. |
| | A) | away from the heart and limit high blood pressure in tissues |
| | B) | to those capillary beds that need the blood at that moment |
| | C) | toward the heart in veins that lack significant blood pressure |
| | D) | to the lungs when the blood lacks enough oxygen |
| | E) | from the liver when the intestine lacks nutrient molecules and the liver must deliver glucose, stored as glycogen, to the tissues |
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9 | |
Valves prevent the backward flow of blood when closed. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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10 | |
The heart lies within the pericardium, a membranous sac that secretes a small quantity of ________. |
| | A) | blood |
| | B) | lubricating liquid |
| | C) | glucose |
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11 | |
The heart contains chambers called the ______. |
| | A) | atria and ventricles |
| | B) | septa |
| | C) | AV nodes |
| | D) | lunar valves |
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12 | |
The valves that lie between the atria and the ventricles are called the ________ valves. |
| | A) | atrioventricular |
| | B) | varicose |
| | C) | semilunar |
| | D) | lunar |
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13 | |
The atrioventricular valves are supported by strong fibrous strings called ________. |
| | A) | AV nodes |
| | B) | chordae tendineae |
| | C) | cardiac fibers |
| | D) | myocardium |
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14 | |
The ________ valves resemble half moons. |
| | A) | atrioventricular |
| | B) | varicose |
| | C) | semilunar |
| | D) | lunar |
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15 | |
When the heart beats, the familiar lub-dup sound occurs as the valves of the heart _____. |
| | A) | open |
| | B) | close |
| | C) | expand |
| | D) | contract |
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16 | |
A heart murmur is caused by ______. |
| | A) | smoking which weakens the action of the valve |
| | B) | ineffective valves allowing blood to leak back through the valve |
| | C) | stress from higher blood pressure |
| | D) | ineffective signals from the AV node |
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17 | |
Nodal tissue has ________ characteristics. |
| | A) | muscular and nervous |
| | B) | muscular and connective |
| | C) | connective and nervous |
| | D) | sensory and muscular |
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18 | |
The SA node is found in ________. |
| | A) | the base of the right atrium |
| | B) | the upper wall of the right atrium |
| | C) | each valve unit |
| | D) | the tip of the heart |
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19 | |
The SA node ________. |
| | A) | initiates the heartbeat |
| | B) | regulates the action of the heart valves |
| | C) | signals the ventricles to relax |
| | D) | signals the ventricles to contract |
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20 | |
The AV node ________. |
| | A) | initiates the heartbeat |
| | B) | regulates the action of the heart valves |
| | C) | signals the ventricles to relax |
| | D) | signals the ventricles to contract |
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21 | |
The SA node is called the ________. |
| | A) | master regulator |
| | B) | diastolic initiator |
| | C) | pacemaker |
| | D) | systolic suppressor |
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22 | |
Blood pressure is the pressure of blood against ________. |
| | A) | a stethoscope |
| | B) | the skin of the upper arm |
| | C) | the capillaries of the lung |
| | D) | the wall of a blood vessel |
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23 | |
The highest arterial pressure is called _______. |
| | A) | diastolic pressure |
| | B) | systolic pressure |
| | C) | hypotension |
| | D) | hypertension |
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24 | |
Diastolic pressure occurs while the heart ventricles are _______. |
| | A) | relaxing |
| | B) | contracting |
| | C) | motionless |
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25 | |
The greater the number of blood vessels dilated, the ________ . |
| | A) | higher the blood pressure |
| | B) | lower the blood pressure |
| | C) | faster the heartbeat |
| | D) | slower the heartbeat |
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26 | |
Blood pressure is lower in the arteries than in the arterioles. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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27 | |
There is a sharp drop in blood pressure when the arterioles reach the capillaries. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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28 | |
Blood pressure alone accounts for the movement of blood through the veins. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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29 | |
The cardiovascular system consists of _______ circuits. |
| | A) | pulmonary and systemic |
| | B) | arterial and venous |
| | C) | renal and hepatic |
| | D) | cardiac and cerebral |
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30 | |
The chamber of the heart that receives oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary veins is the ______. |
| | A) | right atrium |
| | B) | left atrium |
| | C) | right ventricle |
| | D) | left ventricle |
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31 | |
The pulmonary trunk divides into the ________. |
| | A) | pulmonary arteries |
| | B) | pulmonary veins |
| | C) | venae cavae |
| | D) | dorsal aorta |
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32 | |
The ________ and ________ serve as the major vessels for blood in the systemic circuit. |
| | A) | aorta and pulmonary artery |
| | B) | pulmonary artery and venae cavae |
| | C) | venae cavae and femoral artery |
| | D) | aorta and venae cavae |
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33 | |
The inferior vena cava collects blood from the head, the chest, and the arms. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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34 | |
In the systemic circuit, like the pulmonary system, arteries contain deoxygenated blood. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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35 | |
The _______ arteries are extremely important because they serve the heart muscle itself. |
| | A) | cardiac |
| | B) | coronary |
| | C) | pulmonary |
| | D) | pericardial |
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36 | |
The coronary arteries are the first branch off the ________. |
| | A) | pericardium |
| | B) | vena cava |
| | C) | pulmonary arteries |
| | D) | aorta |
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37 | |
At the arterial end of a capillary, blood pressure is lower than the osmotic pressure of the blood. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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38 | |
Blood brings ______ to cells. |
| | A) | amino acids and glucose |
| | B) | carbon dioxide |
| | C) | wastes |
| | D) | ATP |
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39 | |
Blood removes wastes, such as _______ from the cell. |
| | A) | amino acids and glucose |
| | B) | carbon dioxide |
| | C) | oxygen |
| | D) | ATP |
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40 | |
Osmotic pressure is created by the presence of salts and plasma proteins. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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41 | |
The blood always has less water concentration compared to tissue fluid because of the presence of ______, whose size prevents passage across the capillary wall. |
| | A) | amino acids and glucose |
| | B) | carbon dioxide |
| | C) | albumin and other plasma proteins |
| | D) | white blood cells |
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42 | |
______________ in the blood help(s) guard the body against invasion by microbes. |
| | A) | Red blood cells |
| | B) | White blood cells |
| | C) | Platelets |
| | D) | Albumin |
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43 | |
The main mechanism to prevent loss of blood is ________. |
| | A) | the hemoglobin in red blood cells forms a network |
| | B) | white blood cells fuse together |
| | C) | platelets participate in clotting |
| | D) | albumin dries and hardens |
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44 | |
If blood is transferred to a test tube and is prevented from clotting, it separates into ___. |
| | A) | formed elements and plasma |
| | B) | granular leukocytes and agranular leukocytes |
| | C) | red blood cells and white blood cells |
| | D) | inorganic and organic substances |
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45 | |
The plasma protein ________ transports bilirubin. |
| | A) | fibrinogen |
| | B) | prothrombin |
| | C) | hemoglobin |
| | D) | albumin |
| | E) | globulin |
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46 | |
The lipoproteins that transport cholesterol are a type of protein called _________. |
| | A) | fibrinogens |
| | B) | prothrombins |
| | C) | hemoglobins |
| | D) | albumins |
| | E) | globulins |
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47 | |
The plasma protein ________ is necessary to blood clotting. |
| | A) | fibrinogen |
| | B) | globulin |
| | C) | hemoglobin |
| | D) | albumin |
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48 | |
The hormone _________ produced in the kidney stimulates the maturation of more red blood cells. |
| | A) | fibrinogen |
| | B) | erythropoietin |
| | C) | cortisone |
| | D) | leukoactin |
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49 | |
Stem cells __________. |
| | A) | initiate the rate of heartbeat |
| | B) | initiate the formation of blood clots |
| | C) | continuously divide and produce cells that differentiate into blood cells |
| | D) | spread in the bloodstream to all parts of the body to repair any damaged tissues |
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50 | |
Human red blood cells lack ________. |
| | A) | hemoglobin |
| | B) | iron |
| | C) | metabolism |
| | D) | a nucleus |
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51 | |
Red blood cells are destroyed chiefly in the ______. |
| | A) | liver and spleen |
| | B) | heart and lungs |
| | C) | bone marrow |
| | D) | kidney |
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52 | |
Forms of white blood cells include _________. |
| | A) | neutrophils |
| | B) | macrophages |
| | C) | monocytes |
| | D) | lymphocytes |
| | E) | All of the above are varieties of white blood cells. |
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53 | |
________ are the most abundant of the white blood cells that function to phagocytize bacteria. |
| | A) | Neutrophils |
| | B) | Macrophages |
| | C) | Monocytes |
| | D) | Lymphocytes |
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54 | |
The largest of the white blood cells are the _________. |
| | A) | neutrophils |
| | B) | monocytes |
| | C) | macrophages |
| | D) | lymphocytes |
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55 | |
Macrophages phagocytize microbes and stimulate other white blood cells to defend the body. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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56 | |
Neutrophils are unable to phagocytize and digest bacteria. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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57 | |
Causes of anemia include ___________. |
| | A) | insufficient number of red blood cells |
| | B) | not enough hemoglobin per red blood cell |
| | C) | a lack of iron in the diet |
| | D) | All of the above can cause anemia. |
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58 | |
__________ is a form of cancer characterized by uncontrolled production of abnormal white blood cells. |
| | A) | Leukemia |
| | B) | Anemia |
| | C) | Artherosclerosis |
| | D) | Hypertension |
| | E) | Pulmonary embolism |
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59 | |
___________ develop(s) when valves become weak and ineffective due to the backward pressure of blood. |
| | A) | Hemorrhaging |
| | B) | Varicose veins |
| | C) | Atherosclerosis |
| | D) | Hypertension |
| | E) | Pulmonary embolism |
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60 | |
__________ occurs when a blood clot lodges in a lung blood vessel and can cause death. |
| | A) | Hemorrhaging |
| | B) | Varicose veins |
| | C) | Artherosclerosis |
| | D) | Stroke |
| | E) | Pulmonary embolism |
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