To help you master concepts from Chapter 12 (Glaciers and Glaciation), take this sample examination. Think what it would be like to live during an Ice Age
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| 1 | |
Alpine glaciation:
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| | A) | is found in mountainous regions. |
| | B) | exists where a large part of a continent is covered by glacial ice. |
| | C) | is a type of glacier. |
| | D) | cannot be found on Earth today. |
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| 2 | |
Continental glaciation:
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| | A) | is found in mountainous regions. |
| | B) | exists where a large part of a continent is covered by glacial ice. |
| | C) | is a type of glacier. |
| | D) | cannot be found on Earth today. |
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| 3 | |
At present, what percentage of Earth's land surface is covered by glaciers?
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| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 50 |
| | C) | 5 |
| | D) | 0.1 |
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| 4 | |
Which is not a type of glacier?
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| | A) | valley glacier. |
| | B) | ice sheet. |
| | C) | ice cap. |
| | D) | sea ice. |
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| 5 | |
The boundary between the zone ablation and the zone of accumulation is called:
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| | A) | the tree line. |
| | B) | the equilibrium line. |
| | C) | the fall line. |
| | D) | the glacial compensation point. |
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| 6 | |
The ice caps on Mars are composed mostly of:
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| | A) | water ice. |
| | B) | frozen nitrogen. |
| | C) | carbon dioxide (dry ice). |
| | D) | none of these. |
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| 7 | |
Recently, geologist have been drilling ice sheets for clues about:
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| | A) | the whereabouts of Noah's ark. |
| | B) | past climates. |
| | C) | astronomical events. |
| | D) | the quantity of water stored in glaciers. |
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| 8 | |
Glacially eroded valleys are typically:
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| | A) | S-shaped. |
| | B) | V-shaped. |
| | C) | W-shaped |
| | D) | U-shaped. |
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| 9 | |
Which is not a type of moraine?
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| | A) | ground moraine. |
| | B) | lateral moraine. |
| | C) | recessional moraine. |
| | D) | all of these are tyoes of moraine. |
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| 10 | |
The last episode of widespread continental glaciation in North America was at its peak:
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| | A) | 500,000 years ago. |
| | B) | 2 million years ago. |
| | C) | 18,000 years ago. |
| | D) | has not ended yet. |
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| 11 | |
Alpine glaciers flow downhill because:
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| | A) | the ice is very massive |
| | B) | ice behaves as a plastic solid. |
| | C) | the ice is very thick. |
| | D) | the ice is very strong. |
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| 12 | |
During the last Ice Age, much of Nevada, Utah, and eastern California was covered by:
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| | A) | continental glaciers. |
| | B) | wind-blown silt. |
| | C) | volcanic ash. |
| | D) | large lakes. |
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| 13 | |
Crevasses form in the surface of glaciers because:
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| | A) | the near-surface ice is easily melted. |
| | B) | the near-surface ice is very cold. |
| | C) | the near-surface ice behaves as a brittle solid. |
| | D) | the near-surface ice does not move, but ice beneath it does. |
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| 14 | |
The ice that forms continental glaciers originates as:
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| | A) | water evaporated from the ocean. |
| | B) | water precipitated from the atmosphere as snow. |
| | C) | snow that recrystallizes to form ice. |
| | D) | all of these. |
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| 15 | |
Glaciers are capable of:
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| | A) | significant erosion. |
| | B) | significant deposition. |
| | C) | significant modification of landscapes. |
| | D) | all of these. |
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| 16 | |
When continental glaciers were present during the last Ice Age:
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| | A) | sea-level was lower. |
| | B) | sea-level was the same because the mass of ice pushed the continents downward. |
| | C) | sea-level was higher because the mass of ice pushed the continents down. |
| | D) | none of these. |
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| 17 | |
Today, glaciers worldwide are:
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| | A) | advancing. |
| | B) | receding. |
| | C) | neither advancing nor receding. |
| | D) | none of these. |
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| 18 | |
Since the end of the last Ice Age, northern Canada:
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| | A) | has experienced significant uplift. |
| | B) | has been flooded by rising sea-level. |
| | C) | has been covered by glacial ice. |
| | D) | none of these. |
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| 19 | |
Continental glaciers:
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| | A) | can be kilometers thick. |
| | B) | are usually thinner than alpine glaciers. |
| | C) | flow more slowly than alpine glaciers. |
| | D) | are not as cold as alpine glaciers. |
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| 20 | |
The Theory of Glacial Ages was first articulated in:
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| | A) | the 20th Century |
| | B) | the 19th Century |
| | C) | the 18th Century |
| | D) | the 17th Century |
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