Condie, K. C. 1997. Plate Tectonics and Crustal Evolution. 4th ed. Stoneham, MA: Butterworth/Heinemann.

Maher, H. D., Jr. 1994. The Role of Extension in Mountain-belt Life Cycles. Journal of Geological Education, v. 42, pp. 212-19.

McPhee, J. A. 1981. Basin and Range. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

McPhee, J. A. 1983. In Suspect Terrain. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

McPhee, J. A.Rising from the Plains. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

McPhee, J. A. 1993. Assembling California. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Moores, E. M., ed. 1990. Shaping the Earth - Tectonics of Continents and Oceans. New York: W. H. Freeman.

Geological Society of America 1989-94. The Geology of North America.

For information on a particular part of North America refer to the appropriate volume in 19 vol. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.