Multiple Choice Quiz


1	Which psychosocial issue deals with independence and self governance?
		A)	identity
		B)	intimacy
		C)	achievement
		D)	autonomy


2	In which area of functioning are adolescents likely to be the least independent?
		A)	psychological
		B)	social
		C)	emotional
		D)	financial


3	Which developmental theorist proposed that toddlerhood was important for the development of autonomy?
		A)	Anna Freud
		B)	Peter Blos
		C)	Lawrence Kohlberg
		D)	Erik Erikson


4	The process by which the young adolescent achieves independence by severing emotional ties with parents is known as
		A)	individuation
		B)	self-reliance
		C)	detachment
		D)	expatriation


5	Which theorist believed that severing emotional ties with parents was important for the establishment of autonomy in adolescence?
		A)	Anna Freud
		B)	Peter Blos
		C)	Lawrence Kohlberg
		D)	Erik Erikson


6	Which is not a type of autonomy studied in adolescence?
		A)	emotional autonomy
		B)	decisive autonomy
		C)	behavioral autonomy
		D)	value autonomy


7	The form of autonomy that involves making decisions and carrying through with them is
		A)	emotional autonomy
		B)	behavioral autonomy
		C)	value autonomy
		D)	decisive autonomy


8	The aspect of emotional autonomy that tends to emerge last is
		A)	viewing parents outside the role of parents.
		B)	becoming less dependent on parents for assistance.
		C)	realizing that parents are not all powerful and all knowing.
		D)	becoming intimate with people other than parents.


9	Which type of parenting tends to be associated with children who are dependent on their parents and unable to function on their own?
		A)	authoritative
		B)	authoritarian
		C)	permissive
		D)	indifferent


10	Adolescents are most likely to turn to adults for advice on
		A)	what courses to take.
		B)	what to wear.
		C)	what music to listen to.
		D)	where to hang out.


11	Adolescents are most likely to turn to peers for advice on
		A)	where to go to college.
		B)	what occupation to pursue.
		C)	what religion to practice.
		D)	what music to listen to.


12	Susceptibility to peer pressure peaks around the age of
		A)	12
		B)	14
		C)	16
		D)	18


13	The most important contemporary proponent of the ecology of human development is
		A)	Urie Bronfenbrenner
		B)	Laurence Steinberg
		C)	Erik Erikson
		D)	Anna Freud


14	Fuligni and Eccles found that adolescents who are the most peer oriented have parents who are
		A)	warm
		B)	open to opinions
		C)	strict
		D)	disinterested in parenting


15	The type of moral reasoning in Kohlberg's theory that is oriented toward the consequences that follow behavior is called
		A)	preconventional reasoning.
		B)	conventional reasoning.
		C)	postconventional reasoning.
		D)	prosocial reasoning.


16	In Kohlberg's theory, the most typical form of moral reasoning displayed by adults is
		A)	preconventional reasoning.
		B)	conventional reasoning.
		C)	postconventional reasoning.
		D)	prosocial reasoning.


17	Research has found that the most rare form of moral reasoning in Kohlberg's framework is
		A)	preconventional reasoning.
		B)	conventional reasoning.
		C)	postconventional reasoning.
		D)	prosocial reasoning.


18	An individual who responded to the Heinz dilemma, "Heinz shouldn't have stolen the drug. It's against the law to steal," would be a ______________ reasoner.
		A)	preconventional
		B)	conventional
		C)	post conventional
		D)	prosocial


19	Which theorist claimed that Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning was gender biased?
		A)	Anna Freud
		B)	Carol Gilligan
		C)	Nancy Eisenberg
		D)	Jacquelynne Eccles


20	Prosocial moral reasoning involves
		A)	laws
		B)	empathy
		C)	justice
		D)	individual rights


21	This psychologist proposed a very legalistic approach to moral reasoning:
		A)	Gilligan
		B)	Eisenberg
		C)	Blos
		D)	Kohlberg


22	Over the course of adolescence, political thinking becomes all of the following except:
		A)	more independent
		B)	more concrete
		C)	more principled
		D)	more organized


23	The type of autonomy that is most closely associated with moral reasoning is
		A)	emotional autonomy
		B)	behavioral autonomy
		C)	value autonomy
		D)	none of the above


24	Realizing that your parents aren't all knowing and all powerful is known as
		A)	detachment
		B)	distantiation
		C)	de-idealization
		D)	nondependency


25	The term used to describe the healthy process that takes place between the adolescent and parents in the establishment of emotional autonomy is
		A)	detachment
		B)	distantiation
		C)	individuation
		D)	nondependency


26	Enabling parental behavior includes all of the following except:
		A)	exploring the adolescent's thinking
		B)	explaining one's thinking
		C)	making judgmental comments
		D)	tolerating differences of opinion


27	Constraining parenting behavior is most likely to occur with the _____________ parenting style.
		A)	permissive
		B)	authoritarian
		C)	authoritative
		D)	indifferent


28	Strength of peer pressure
		A)	decreases throughout the course of adolescence.
		B)	increases throughout the course of adolescence.
		C)	increases until middle adolescence and then decreases.
		D)	is difficult to measure and has never been successfully graphed.


29	In Bronfenbrenner's ecological approach to development, which level contains the immediate settings of adolescents?
		A)	microsystem
		B)	mesosystem
		C)	exosystem
		D)	macrosystem


30	Parents' work place is a context in the __________________.
		A)	microsystem
		B)	mesosystem
		C)	exosystem
		D)	macrosystem


31	Gilligan calls the moral perspective that involves attention to others and responsiveness to human need:
		A)	justice orientation
		B)	law and order orientation
		C)	prosocial orientation
		D)	care orientation


32	Involvement in organized religion tends to ______ from early to late adolescence.
		A)	decrease
		B)	increase
		C)	remain the same
		D)	increase and then decrease


33	_________ percent of American adolescents report that they pray.
		A)	Ten
		B)	Thirty
		C)	Fifty
		D)	Ninety


34	When compared with adolescents whose parents have not divorced, adolescents whose parents have divorced begin to de-idealize their parents _______.
		A)	earlier
		B)	at about the same time
		C)	later
		D)	at the time of the divorce


35	The healthy development of autonomy is associated with _______ parenting.
		A)	indifferent
		B)	permissive
		C)	authoritarian
		D)	authoritative

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