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1 | |
Which of the following is not a solution? |
| | A) | seawater |
| | B) | carbonated water |
| | C) | sand |
| | D) | brass |
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2 | |
Atmospheric air is a homogeneous mixture of gases that is mostly nitrogen gas. The nitrogen is therefore (the) |
| | A) | solvent. |
| | B) | solution. |
| | C) | solute. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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3 | |
A homogeneous mixture is made up of 95 percent alcohol and 5 percent water. In this case the water is (the) |
| | A) | solvent. |
| | B) | solution. |
| | C) | solute. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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4 | |
The solution concentration terms of parts per million, percent by volume, and percent by weight are concerned with the amount of |
| | A) | solvent in the solution. |
| | B) | solute in the solution. |
| | C) | solute compared to solvent. |
| | D) | solvent compared to solute. |
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5 | |
A concentration of 500 ppm is reported in a news article. This is the same concentration as |
| | A) | 0.005%. |
| | B) | 0.05%. |
| | C) | 5%. |
| | D) | 50%. |
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6 | |
According to the label, a bottle of vodka has a 40% by volume concentration. This means the vodka contains 40 mL of pure alcohol |
| | A) | in each 140 mL of vodka. |
| | B) | to every 100 mL of water. |
| | C) | to every 60 mL of vodka. |
| | D) | mixed with water to make 100 mL vodka. |
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7 | |
A bottle of vinegar is 4% by weight, so you know that the solution contains 4 weight units of pure vinegar with |
| | A) | 96 weight units of water. |
| | B) | 100 weight units of water. |
| | C) | 104 weight units of water. |
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8 | |
If a salt solution has a salinity of 400, what is the equivalent percentage measure? |
| | A) | 400% |
| | B) | 40% |
| | C) | 4% |
| | D) | 0.4% |
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9 | |
A salt solution has solid salt on the bottom of the container and salt is dissolving at the same rate that it is coming out of solution. You know the solution is |
| | A) | an electrolyte. |
| | B) | a nonelectrolyte. |
| | C) | a buffered solution. |
| | D) | a saturated solution. |
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10 | |
As the temperature of water decreases, the solubility of carbon dioxide gas in the water |
| | A) | increases. |
| | B) | decreases. |
| | C) | remains the same. |
| | D) | increases or decreases, depending on the specific temperature. |
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11 | |
Water has the greatest density at what temperature? |
| | A) | 100°C |
| | B) | 20°C |
| | C) | 4°C |
| | D) | 0°C |
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12 | |
An example of a hydrogen bond is a weak-to-moderate bond between |
| | A) | any two hydrogen atoms. |
| | B) | a hydrogen of one polar molecule and an oxygen of another polar molecule. |
| | C) | two hydrogen atoms on two nonpolar molecules. |
| | D) | a hydrogen atom and any nonmetal atom. |
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13 | |
Whether two given liquids form solutions or not depends on some similarities in their |
| | A) | electronegativities. |
| | B) | polarities. |
| | C) | molecular structures. |
| | D) | hydrogen bonds. |
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14 | |
A solid salt is insoluble in water so the strongest force must be the |
| | A) | ion-water molecule force. |
| | B) | ion-ion force. |
| | C) | force of hydration. |
| | D) | polar molecule force. |
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15 | |
Which of the following will conduct an electric current? |
| | A) | pure water |
| | B) | a water solution of a covalent compound |
| | C) | a water solution of an ionic compound |
| | D) | All of the above are correct. |
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16 | |
Ionization occurs upon solution of |
| | A) | ionic compounds. |
| | B) | some polar molecules. |
| | C) | nonpolar molecules. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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17 | |
Adding sodium chloride to water raises the boiling point of water because |
| | A) | sodium chloride has a higher boiling point. |
| | B) | sodium chloride ions occupy space at the water surface. |
| | C) | sodium chloride ions have stronger ion-ion bonds than water. |
| | D) | the energy of hydration is higher. |
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18 | |
The ice that forms in freezing seawater is |
| | A) | pure water. |
| | B) | the same salinity as liquid seawater. |
| | C) | more salty than liquid seawater. |
| | D) | more dense than liquid seawater. |
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19 | |
Salt solutions freeze at a lower temperature than pure water because |
| | A) | more ionic bonds are present. |
| | B) | salt solutions have a higher vapor pressure. |
| | C) | ions get in the way of water molecules trying to form ice. |
| | D) | salt naturally has a lower freezing point than water. |
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20 | |
Which of the following would have a pH of less than 7? |
| | A) | a solution of ammonia |
| | B) | a solution of sodium chloride |
| | C) | pure water |
| | D) | carbonic acid |
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21 | |
Which of the following would have a pH of more than 7? |
| | A) | a solution of ammonia |
| | B) | a solution of sodium chloride |
| | C) | pure water |
| | D) | carbonic acid |
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22 | |
The condition of two opposing reactions happening at the same time and at the same rate is called |
| | A) | neutralization. |
| | B) | chemical equilibrium. |
| | C) | a buffering reaction. |
| | D) | cancellation. |
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23 | |
Solutions of acids, bases, and salts have what in common? All have |
| | A) | proton acceptors. |
| | B) | proton donors. |
| | C) | ions. |
| | D) | polar molecules. |
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24 | |
When a solution of an acid and a base are mixed together, |
| | A) | a salt and water are formed. |
| | B) | they lose their acid and base properties. |
| | C) | both are neutralized. |
| | D) | All of the above are correct. |
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25 | |
A substance that ionizes completely into hydronium ions is known as a |
| | A) | strong acid. |
| | B) | weak acid. |
| | C) | strong base. |
| | D) | weak base. |
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26 | |
A scale of values that expresses the hydronium ion concentration of a solution is known as |
| | A) | an acid-base indicator. |
| | B) | the pH scale. |
| | C) | the solubility scale. |
| | D) | the electrolyte scale. |
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27 | |
Substance A has a pH of 2 and substance B has a pH of 3. This means that |
| | A) | substance A has more basic properties than substance B. |
| | B) | substance B has more acidic properties than substance A. |
| | C) | substance A is ten times more acidic than substance B. |
| | D) | substance B is ten times more acidic than substance A. |
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28 | |
A solution that is able to resist changes in the pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added is called a |
| | A) | neutral solution. |
| | B) | saturated solution. |
| | C) | balanced solution. |
| | D) | buffer solution. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education