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1 | |
Cells can permanently stop midway in the cell cycle and not complete the cycle. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2 | |
DNA must replicate after cell division occurs. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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3 | |
The diploid chromosome number for the house fly is 12. The haploid number of chromosomes found in their gametes would be ______. |
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 3 |
| | C) | 6 |
| | D) | 12 |
| | E) | 24 |
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4 | |
Each duplicated chromosome prior to division will be held together at a region called the ______ . |
| | A) | tetrad |
| | B) | synapsis |
| | C) | cross-over |
| | D) | chromatid |
| | E) | centromere |
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5 | |
Prior to division, each chromosome is composed of two genetically identical parts called ______ . |
| | A) | dyads |
| | B) | nucleosomes |
| | C) | chromatin |
| | D) | sister chromatids |
| | E) | centromeres |
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6 | |
During mitosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and separate. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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7 | |
Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division? |
| | A) | growth of multicellular organisms |
| | B) | repair of multicellular organisms |
| | C) | reproduction of single-celled organisms |
| | D) | reproduction of multicellular organisms |
| | E) | aerobic cellular respiration of multicellular organisms |
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8 | |
The greater the complexity of the organism, the greater the number of chromosomes within the cell. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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9 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct in regard to cell division? |
| | A) | Chromatin uncoils to form chromosomes. |
| | B) | Chromatin is found within the nucleus. |
| | C) | Chromatin is made up of the DNA double helix and associated proteins. |
| | D) | Chromosomes can be seen just as cell division is about to occur. |
| | E) | Each species generally has a characteristic number of chromosomes. |
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10 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about eukaryotic chromosomes? |
| | A) | Many proteins, termed histones, appear to play primarily a structural role. |
| | B) | A human cell contains at least two meters of DNA. |
| | C) | The packing unit, termed a nucleosome, gives chromatin a beaded appearance. |
| | D) | The DNA double helix is wound around a core of histone molecules in a nucleosome. |
| | E) | Diffuse chromatin is easier to move about during cell division than compact chromosomes. |
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11 | |
During the cell cycle, interphase lasts longer than mitosis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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12 | |
Microtubules, once formed, will always remain together. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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13 | |
During interphase, the cell is resting. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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14 | |
Which of the following statements about mitosis is NOT correct? |
| | A) | Mitosis is cell division that produces two daughter cells. |
| | B) | Each daughter cell formed by mitosis has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
| | C) | Each daughter cell formed by mitosis has the same kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
| | D) | The parent cell and the daughter cells are genetically identical. |
| | E) | During mitosis, the centromeres divide and the sister chromatids stay together. |
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15 | |
What is each chromatid called after the centromeres divide and the sister chromatids separate during mitosis? |
| | A) | daughter chromosome |
| | B) | offspring chromatin |
| | C) | polar centriole |
| | D) | dyad |
| | E) | tetrad |
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16 | |
Which of the following characteristics of mitosis is NOT correct? |
| | A) | Mitosis occurs in somatic cells. |
| | B) | 2N --> 2N |
| | C) | 2N --> N |
| | D) | Mitosis is important for growth and repair of multicellular organisms. |
| | E) | Mitosis occurs when unicellular organisms reproduce asexually. |
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17 | |
Which spindle fiber will lengthen, thereby pushing the chromosomes apart during anaphase? |
| | A) | polar spindle fibers |
| | B) | centromeric spindle fibers |
| | C) | centrosomes (MTOC) |
| | D) | aster fibers |
| | E) | centriolar fibers |
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18 | |
Which spindle fiber will shorten during anaphase, thereby pulling the chromosomes apart? |
| | A) | polar spindle fibers |
| | B) | centromeric spindle fibers |
| | C) | centrosomes (MTOC) |
| | D) | aster fibers |
| | E) | centriolar fibers |
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19 | |
Name the protein subunit that is found within microtubules. |
| | A) | actin |
| | B) | myosin |
| | C) | tubulin |
| | D) | collagen |
| | E) | DNA |
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20 | |
When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle? |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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21 | |
______ consists of mitosis and interphase. |
| | A) | Cell division |
| | B) | The cell cycle |
| | C) | The life cycle |
| | D) | Oogenesis |
| | E) | Spermatogenesis |
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22 | |
Where are centrosomes (microtubule-organizing-centers) located in an animal cell? |
| | A) | mitochondria |
| | B) | Golgi apparatus |
| | C) | chromatids |
| | D) | centromeres |
| | E) | centrioles |
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23 | |
Which part of a cell probably organizes microtubules, including those of the spindle? |
| | A) | dyads |
| | B) | centrosomes (MTOC) |
| | C) | centromeres on a chromosome |
| | D) | chromatids on a chromosome |
| | E) | Golgi apparatus |
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24 | |
Which structure within a cell brings about chromosomal movement? |
| | A) | mitochondria |
| | B) | Golgi apparatus |
| | C) | centromeres |
| | D) | mitotic spindle |
| | E) | nuclear membrane |
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25 | |
If a cell is to divide, when do the organelles, such as centrioles, duplicate? |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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26 | |
Which of the following stages has a distinct nuclear envelope and nucleoli and indistinct chromatin threads? |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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27 | |
Which of the following is the correct sequence of mitotic phases? |
| | A) | metaphase, anaphase, telophase, prophase |
| | B) | anaphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase |
| | C) | prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase |
| | D) | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| | E) | prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase |
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28 | |
During ______ , the chromosomes first become visible. |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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29 | |
During ______ , spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of each chromosome. |
| | A) | prophase |
| | B) | prometaphase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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30 | |
At the start of ______ , the sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes move up to the poles of the spindle. |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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31 | |
During ______ , the nuclear envelope begins to fragment and the nucleolus begins to disappear. |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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32 | |
During prophase, spindle fibers appear between the separating centriole pairs. They become attached to the ______ of a chromosome. |
| | A) | chromatids |
| | B) | chromatin |
| | C) | centromere |
| | D) | aster |
| | E) | centrosomes (MTOC) |
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33 | |
During ______ , the chromosomes are now at the equator of the spindle. |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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34 | |
At the close of ______ , the centromeres uniting the chromatids split. |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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35 | |
Which of the following is NOT a component of a spindle? |
| | A) | spindle poles |
| | B) | asters |
| | C) | fibers |
| | D) | chromosomes |
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36 | |
Which part of a spindle consists of arrays of short microtubules that radiate from the spindle pole? |
| | A) | asters |
| | B) | centrioles |
| | C) | spindle fibers |
| | D) | microtubule organizing center |
| | E) | centromere |
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37 | |
During which stage will daughter chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle? |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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38 | |
______ begins when the chromosomes arrive at the spindle poles. |
| | A) | Interphase |
| | B) | Prophase |
| | C) | Metaphase |
| | D) | Anaphase |
| | E) | Telophase |
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39 | |
Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct? |
| | A) | prophase--chromosomes appear |
| | B) | telophase--spindle appears |
| | C) | metaphase--chromosomes aligned at the equator |
| | D) | anaphase--daughter chromosomes move toward the poles |
| | E) | interphase--DNA replicates |
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40 | |
During ______ , chromosomes become indistinct but the nucleoli and the nuclear envelope reappear. |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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41 | |
Cytoplasmic division of a cell is called ______. |
| | A) | mitosis |
| | B) | cytokinesis |
| | C) | cleavage furrowing |
| | D) | cell plate formation |
| | E) | synapsis |
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42 | |
Which type of cell will form a cleavage furrow during cell division? |
| | A) | animal cells |
| | B) | plant cells |
| | C) | bacterial cells |
| | D) | fungal cells |
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43 | |
What causes the cleavage furrow in animal cells to constrict? |
| | A) | tubulin filaments |
| | B) | myosin filaments |
| | C) | actin filaments |
| | D) | microtubules |
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44 | |
Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct regarding mitosis? |
| | A) | animal cells--cleavage furrow |
| | B) | plant cells--cell plate |
| | C) | animal cells--centrioles and asters |
| | D) | plant cells--centrioles but no asters |
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45 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about mitosis in plant and animal cells? |
| | A) | Spindle fibers appear in both plant and animal cell mitosis. |
| | B) | Centrioles are seen in animal but not plant cell mitosis. |
| | C) | Asters are seen in animal but not plant cell mitosis. |
| | D) | Cell furrowing occurs in animal but not plant cell mitosis. |
| | E) | A cell plate is formed in animal cells but not in plant cells during cytokinesis. |
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46 | |
Vesicles that fuse to form a cell plate during cytokinesis in plant cells come from the ______ . |
| | A) | Golgi apparatus |
| | B) | mitochondrion |
| | C) | lysosomes |
| | D) | ribosomes |
| | E) | nucleus |
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47 | |
Which of the following sequences shows the correct life cycle for humans? |
| | A) | diploid egg + diploid sperm --> haploid zygote --> mitosis --> haploid adult --> meiosis --> diploid gametes |
| | B) | diploid egg + diploid sperm --> haploid zygote --> meiosis --> haploid adult --> mitosis --> diploid gametes |
| | C) | haploid egg + haploid sperm --> diploid zygote --> mitosis --> diploid adult --> meiosis --> haploid gametes |
| | D) | haploid egg + haploid sperm --> diploid zygote --> meiosis --> diploid adult --> mitosis --> haploid gametes |
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48 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct? |
| | A) | Gametes contain half the number of chromosomes found in somatic cells. |
| | B) | Somatic cells have the diploid number of chromosomes. |
| | C) | The haploid number of chromosomes in humans is 23. |
| | D) | The diploid number of chromosomes in humans is 23 pairs. |
| | E) | Each human parent contributes eleven and a half pairs of chromosomes to the zygote. |
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49 | |
In which organ will meiosis occur for the human female? |
| | A) | ovary |
| | B) | testes |
| | C) | liver |
| | D) | pancreas |
| | E) | kidney |
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50 | |
In animals, ______ occurs during the production of the egg and the sperm. |
| | A) | fragmentation |
| | B) | mitosis |
| | C) | meiosis |
| | D) | regeneration |
| | E) | budding |
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51 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct when cells undergo meiosis? |
| | A) | Meiosis ensures that the chromosome number remains constant generation after generation. |
| | B) | Meiosis ensures that each generation has a different genetic makeup than the previous one. |
| | C) | Meiosis ensures that each newly formed daughter cell receives the same number and kinds of chromosomes. |
| | D) | Meiosis results in four daughter cells. |
| | E) | Meiosis occurs in the production of egg and sperm cells in animals. |
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52 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about meiosis? |
| | A) | Meiosis involves one duplication of chromosomes. |
| | B) | Meiosis requires two divisions. |
| | C) | Meiosis results in four daughter cells. |
| | D) | The four daughter cells have one of each pair of chromosome. |
| | E) | The four daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
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53 | |
Prior to meiosis I, DNA replication occurs, and each chromosome has two sister chromatids. Therefore, each chromosome can be called a ______ . |
| | A) | homologous chromosome |
| | B) | daughter chromosome |
| | C) | dyad |
| | D) | tetrad |
| | E) | synapsis |
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54 | |
When homologous chromosomes come together and line up side by side, it is termed ______ . |
| | A) | crossing-over |
| | B) | synapsis |
| | C) | replication |
| | D) | meiosis |
| | E) | mitosis |
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55 | |
When does synapsis and crossing-over occur in meiosis? |
| | A) | prophase I |
| | B) | prophase II |
| | C) | metaphase I |
| | D) | metaphase II |
| | E) | anaphase I |
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56 | |
In ______ , pairs of homologous chromosomes line up at the equator of the spindle. |
| | A) | prophase I |
| | B) | prophase II |
| | C) | metaphase I |
| | D) | metaphase II |
| | E) | anaphase I |
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57 | |
What is the exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids called? |
| | A) | cell cycle |
| | B) | DNA replication |
| | C) | synapsis |
| | D) | crossing-over |
| | E) | synapsis |
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58 | |
Replication of DNA occurs before the start of meiosis I and again before meiosis II. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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59 | |
Following synapsis during meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes separate. This separation means that ______ . |
| | A) | both chromosomes of each homologous pair reach each haploid daughter cell |
| | B) | both chromosomes of each homologous pair reach each diploid daughter cell |
| | C) | one chromosome from each homologous pair reaches each haploid daughter cell |
| | D) | one chromosome from each homologous pair reaches each diploid daughter cell |
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60 | |
During ______ , homologous chromosomes separate and dyads move to opposite poles of the spindle. |
| | A) | prophase I |
| | B) | prophase II |
| | C) | metaphase I |
| | D) | anaphase I |
| | E) | anaphase II |
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61 | |
During _______ , daughter cells will form, each containing only one chromosome from each homologous pair. |
| | A) | metaphase II |
| | B) | anaphase II |
| | C) | anaphase I |
| | D) | telophase I |
| | E) | telophase II |
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62 | |
During ______ , the sister chromatids are lined up at the equator. |
| | A) | prophase I |
| | B) | prophase II |
| | C) | metaphase I |
| | D) | metaphase II |
| | E) | anaphase II |
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63 | |
During ______ , a spindle appears while the nuclear envelope fragments and the nucleolus disappears. Only one set of sister chromosomes from each pair of homologous chromosomes is present. |
| | A) | prophase I |
| | B) | prophase II |
| | C) | telophase I |
| | D) | telophase II |
| | E) | metaphase II |
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64 | |
During ______ , the sister chromatids separate and move toward the poles. |
| | A) | metaphase I |
| | B) | metaphase II |
| | C) | anaphase I |
| | D) | anaphase II |
| | E) | telophase II |
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65 | |
In ______ , the spindle disappears as the nuclear envelopes form. The plasma membrane furrows to give two complete cells, each of which has the haploid, or N, number of chromosomes. Each chromosome has one chromatid. |
| | A) | prophase I |
| | B) | prophase II |
| | C) | anaphase II |
| | D) | telophase I |
| | E) | telophase II |
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66 | |
The production of sperm in males is called ______ . |
| | A) | spermatogenesis |
| | B) | oogenesis |
| | C) | mitosis |
| | D) | meiosis |
| | E) | reductional division |
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67 | |
Which of the following statements about oogenesis is NOT correct? |
| | A) | Oogenesis, once started, continues to completion. |
| | B) | Oogenesis will form one large egg cell and three smaller polar bodies. |
| | C) | Oogenesis produces only one cell that goes on to become an egg. |
| | D) | Oogenesis will not continue unless the secondary oocyte is fertilized. |
| | E) | In humans, the egg that is formed by oogenesis will have 23 chromosomes. |
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68 | |
Which cell during oogenesis must be fertilized by a sperm if it is to become a mature egg? |
| | A) | primary oocyte |
| | B) | secondary oocyte |
| | C) | ootid |
| | D) | primary spermatocyte |
| | E) | secondary spermatocyte |
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69 | |
How many chromosomes are present in the human secondary spermatocyte? |
| | A) | 15 |
| | B) | 30 |
| | C) | 11.5 |
| | D) | 23 |
| | E) | 46 |
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70 | |
Which of the following cells represents a way to discard unnecessary chromosomes while retaining much of the cytoplasm in the egg? |
| | A) | primary oocyte |
| | B) | secondary oocyte |
| | C) | ootid |
| | D) | egg |
| | E) | polar bodies |
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71 | |
Which of the following cells, when combined, will result in a diploid fertilized egg? |
| | A) | sperm cell plus a polar body |
| | B) | sperm cell plus a primary oocyte |
| | C) | sperm cell plus an egg cell |
| | D) | spermatid plus an egg cell |
| | E) | spermatid plus a primary oocyte |
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72 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about human spermatogenesis? |
| | A) | Spermatogenesis only occurs in the testes of males. |
| | B) | Spermatogenesis undergoes two cell divisions. |
| | C) | Spermatogenesis results in four haploid cells, each with 46 chromosomes. |
| | D) | Spermatogenesis, once started, goes to completion. |
| | E) | Spermatogenesis results in four sperm, all of equal size. |
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73 | |
Which of the following comparisons of mitosis versus meiosis is NOT correct for animal cells? |
| | A) | occurs in somatic cells<---->occurs in the gonads |
| | B) | two daughter cells<---->four daughter cells |
| | C) | diploid daughter cells<---->haploid daughter cells |
| | D) | one cell division<---->two cell divisions |
| | E) | homologous chromosomes pair up<---->homologous chromosomes do not pair up |
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74 | |
Which of the following comparisons of Mitosis to Meiosis I is NOT correct for animal cells? |
| | A) | no chromosome pairing<---->homologous chromosomes pair |
| | B) | homologous chromosomes at equator<---->sister chromosomes at equator |
| | C) | sister chromatids separate<---->homologous chromosomes separate |
| | D) | chromosomes have one chromatid at telophase<---->chromosomes have two sister chromatids at telophase |
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75 | |
The sperm is a tiny flagellated cell, while the egg lacks any flagella and is quite large. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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76 | |
Mitosis is more similar to meiosis I than to meiosis II. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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77 | |
Humans have a life cycle that requires two types of cell division: meiosis and mitosis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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78 | |
When a sperm fertilizes an egg, the resulting cell is called a zygote, which is haploid in chromosome number. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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79 | |
Because of meiosis, each body cell is genetically identical; they all have the same number and kinds of chromosomes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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80 | |
Meiosis results in four daughter cells, each having one of each kind of chromosome and therefore half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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81 | |
Homologous chromosomes are only present in cells that undergo meiosis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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82 | |
Homologous chromosomes contain genes for the same traits. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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83 | |
During meiosis II, separation of chromatids in daughter cells from meiosis I results in four daughter cells, each with the haploid number of chromosomes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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84 | |
The same stages seen in mitosis occur during each of meiosis I and meiosis II. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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85 | |
Using mitosis, the testes in males produce sperm, and in females, the ovaries will produce eggs. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|