| assignment method | a linear programming model for the optimal allocation of resources to tasks.
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| backward scheduling | scheduling by working backwards in time from the due date(s).
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| CR (critical ratio) | the ratio of the time remaining to the due date to the processing time for a job; the job with the smallest ratio is processed first.
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| EDD (earliest due date) | jobs are processed according to the due date, the earliest due date first.
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| FCFS (first come first served) | jobs are processed in the order in which they arrive at a machine or work center.
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| finite loading | jobs are assigned to work centers taking into account the work center capacity and job processing times.
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| flow-shop scheduling | scheduling for flow systems.
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| flow system | a high volume system with standardized equipment and activities.
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| forward scheduling | scheduling ahead from some point in time.
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| Gantt chart | a chart used as a visual aid for loading and scheduling purposes.
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| high-volume systems | organizations or production systems with standardized equipment and activities that provide highly similar products or services.
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| horizontal loading | loading the job with the highest priority on all work centers followed by the job with the next highest priority, and so forth.
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| Hungarian method | a method of assigning jobs on a one-to-one basis to machines or employees to identify the lowest cost solution.
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| infinite loading | jobs are assigned to work centers without regard for the capacity of the work center.
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| input/output (I/O) control | managing workflows and queues at work centers.
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| intermediate-volume systems | production systems with volume lower than that of a high volume system, but with production quantities greater than those of a job shop.
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| job shop | diverse products are made to order and jobs flow through the system in batches.
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| job shop scheduling | scheduling for low volume systems with many variations in requirements.
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| job time | the time needed for the setup and processing of a job.
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| Johnson's rule | a technique for minimizing the makespan for a group of jobs to be processed on two machines or at two work centers.
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| load chart | a form of Gantt chart that shows both the loading and idle times of a set of machines or departments.
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| loading | assigning jobs to work centers.
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| makespan | the total time needed to complete a group of jobs from the beginning of the first job to the completion of the last job.
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| priority rules | heuristics used to select the order in which the jobs will be processed.
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| schedule chart | a form of Gantt chart that shows the orders or jobs in progress and whether they are on schedule.
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| scheduling | establishing the timing of the use of equipment, facilities and human activities in an organization.
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| sequencing | determining job processing order.
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| slack | the difference in time between the completion date and the scheduled due date.
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| SPT (shortest processing time) | jobs are processed according to their processing times at a machine or work center, with the shortest times first.
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| vertical loading | the finite loading of jobs at a work center, one by one, according to some priority rule.
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| workstation | an area where one person works, usually with special equipment, on a specialized job.
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