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1 | |
Psychoneuroimmunology studies the relationships among |
| | A) | the unconscious, the conscious, and the immune system. |
| | B) | personality factors, the brain, and psychological factors. |
| | C) | psychological factors, the immune system, and the brain. |
| | D) | personality factors, the immune system, and the brain. |
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2 | |
Psychophysiological disorders may result from |
| | A) | smoking. |
| | B) | stress. |
| | C) | poor diet. |
| | D) | genetic factors. |
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3 | |
The greater the number of ______________ experienced, the fewer the psychological symptoms people report. |
| | A) | uplifts |
| | B) | daily hassles |
| | C) | background stressors |
| | D) | helpless situations |
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4 | |
Researchers have found that social support |
| | A) | has no significant effect on stress. |
| | B) | actually increases stress and stressful situations. |
| | C) | can only come from humans in order to be positively effective. |
| | D) | enables us to lower our levels of stress. |
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5 | |
Which of the following is an effective coping strategy? |
| | A) | Turn a challenge into a threat. |
| | B) | Never take physical action. |
| | C) | Prepare for stress before it happens. |
| | D) | Hold to your goals and do not change them. |
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6 | |
Research has shown that women who ______________ are more likely to recover from cancer than those who do not. |
| | A) | stoically accept their fate |
| | B) | adopt a fighting spirit |
| | C) | exhibit hopelessness |
| | D) | deny that they have cancer |
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7 | |
What is the best treatment for ending the smoking habit? |
| | A) | quit "cold turkey" |
| | B) | counseling alone |
| | C) | hypnosis |
| | D) | counseling and nicotine replacement |
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8 | |
______________ is a negative emotional and cognitive reaction to a restriction of one's freedom. |
| | A) | Coping |
| | B) | Reactance |
| | C) | Hardiness |
| | D) | Creative nonadherence |
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9 | |
The immediate bodily reaction to short-term stress is likely to be |
| | A) | denial, the refusal to confront and accept the stressor's reality. |
| | B) | illness resulting from failure of the immune system. |
| | C) | arousal in the sympathetic autonomic nervous system. |
| | D) | aches and pains in diverse locations throughout the body. |
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10 | |
The pilot of a jet bomber avoids thinking that the bombs kill people; instead, he thinks of the target merely as coordinate points on a map. His stress-coping strategy is |
| | A) | sublimation. |
| | B) | unconditional positive hardiness. |
| | C) | stress inoculation. |
| | D) | emotional insulation. |
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11 | |
Being impatient, irritable, always in a hurry, and fixated on deadlines are traits associated with |
| | A) | latency stage fixation. |
| | B) | the Type A personality. |
| | C) | oral stage fixation. |
| | D) | the Type B personality. |
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12 | |
Which of the following is a way for patients to improve communication with their physicians? |
| | A) | Accept the doctor's advice without a second opinion. This avoids hurt feelings. |
| | B) | Go to the doctor alone. This is a highly individualistic interchange. |
| | C) | Keep pressing the physician until you feel you understand. |
| | D) | Do not be too precise. Let your physician fill in the details. |
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13 | |
As you peek through the door of your tent, a grizzly bear stares back at you from two feet away. Your first stress response is |
| | A) | alarm and mobilization. |
| | B) | plateau. |
| | C) | resistance. |
| | D) | exhaustion. |
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14 | |
While driving to college one morning to take an important test, a student gets stuck in traffic; she is 45 minutes late to class. This is an example of |
| | A) | a background stressor. |
| | B) | a personal stressor. |
| | C) | an uplift. |
| | D) | learned helplessness. |
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15 | |
A physician tells her patient that he must take a prescribed medicine twice daily to cure his infection. The patient eventually discards the medicine for a "home remedy" suggested by his grandmother. This demonstrates |
| | A) | subjective well-being. |
| | B) | civil disobedience. |
| | C) | reactance. |
| | D) | creative nonadherence. |
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