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Multiple Choice Quiz I
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1

Which of the following is one of the advantages of the case study method?
A)rich source of ideas for developing hypotheses
B)it is nomothetic research
C)provides definitive support for a theory
D)permits intensive study of common, everyday phenomena
2

Which of the following is not one of the disadvantages of the case study method?
A)difficulty in drawing cause-and-effect conclusions
B)bias can arise due to distortions in patient's self-reports
C)poor source of hypotheses about behavior
D)difficult to generalize from a single case
3

Which of the following designs is used when the researcher focuses on the way behavior changes with the systematic introduction and withdrawal of the treatment?
A)successive treatment design
B)ABAB design
C)alternating baseline design
D)repeating pattern design
4

Which of the following raises ethical concerns peculiar to the ABAB design?
A)the use of aversive stimuli in treatment
B)the excessive length of time it takes to complete a study
C)the withdrawal of a beneficial treatment
D)the deception required to establish a control group
5

In a multiple-baseline design, the target behavior should change
A)just before the onset of the treatment.
B)long before the onset of the treatment.
C)just after the onset of the treatment.
D)long after the onset of the treatment.
6

In the multiple-baseline design across individuals, the treatment is administered
A)to all individuals in the study at the same time.
B)many times to each individual.
C)during the common baseline period for all individuals.
D)successively to one individual at a time.
7

Which of the following patterns represents an ideal baseline in an N=1 design?
A)line with a positive slope (diagonal from lower left to upper right)
B)line with zero slope (horizontal line)
C)line with a negative slope (diagonal from upper left to lower right)
D)jagged line with several peaks and valleys
8

Which of the following is not an acceptable approach to dealing with the problem of excessive baseline variability?
A)seeking out and removing sources of variability
B)selecting only the last data point in the baseline for analysis
C)extending the time during which baseline observations are made
D)averaging data points to remove the "appearance" of variability
9

In addressing the problem of the limited external validity of single-case research, it’s safe to assume that
A)single-case research designs always have poor external validity.
B)we can never generalize the results for a single individual or small group of individuals to a larger population.
C)treatment effects in single-case research tend to be small and poor in generality.
D)the ability to generalize from a single case depends on the degree of variability in the population from which the case was selected.
10

Which of the following is not a source of bias in case studies?
A)socially desirable responses in a client’s report of his or her behaviors
B)the study of individuals with rare disorders
C)distortions in the client's memory for past events
D)inaccuracies in the therapist's observations of the client's behavior





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