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Review and Comprehension Quiz
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1
Olfactory neurons
A)have projections called cilia.
B)have axons that combine to form the olfactory nerves.
C)connect to the olfactory bulb.
D)have receptors that react with odorants dissolved in fluid.
E)all of the above.
2
Which of these statements is not true with respect to olfaction?
A)Olfactory sensation is relayed directly to the cerebral cortex without passing through the thalamus.
B)Olfactory neurons are replaced about every two months.
C)The lateral olfactory area of the cortex is involved in the conscious perception of smell.
D)The medial olfactory area of the cortex is responsible for visceral and emotional reactions to odors.
E)The olfactory cortex is in the occipital lobe of the cerebrum.
3
Gustatory (taste) cells
A)are found only on the tongue.
B)extend through tiny openings called taste buds.
C)have no axons but release neurotransmitter when stimulated.
D)have axons that extend directly to the taste area of the cerebral cortex.
4
Which of these is not one of the basic tastes?
A)spicy
B)salt
C)bitter
D)umami
E)sour
5
Which of these types of papillae have no taste buds associated with them?
A)circumvallate
B)filiform
C)foliate
D)fungiform
6
Tears
A)are released onto the surface of the eye near the medial corner of the eye.
B)in excess are removed by the canal of Schlemm.
C)in excess can cause a sty.
D)can pass through the nasolacrimal duct into the oral cavity.
E)contain water, salts, mucus, and lysozyme.
7
The fibrous tunic of the eye includes the
A)conjunctiva.
B)sclera.
C)choroid.
D)iris.
E)retina.
8
The ciliary body
A)contains smooth muscles that attach to the lens by suspensory ligaments.
B)produces the vitreous humor.
C)is part of the iris of the eye.
D)is part of the sclera.
E)all of the above.
9
The lens normally focuses light onto the
A)optic disc.
B)iris.
C)macula lutea.
D)cornea.
E)ciliary body.
10
Given these structures:
1. lens
2. aqueous humor
3. vitreous humor
4. cornea
Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order that light entering the eye encounters them.
A)1,2,3,4
B)1,4,2,3
C)4,1,2,3
D)4,2,1,3
E)4,3,2,1
11
Aqueous humor
A)is the pigment responsible for the black color of the choroid.
B)exits the eye through the canal of Schlemm.
C)is produced by the iris.
D)can cause cataracts if overproduced.
E)is composed of proteins called crystallines.
12
Contraction of the smooth muscle in the ciliary body causes the
A)lens to flatten.
B)lens to become more spherical.
C)pupil to constrict.
D)pupil to dilate.
13
Given these events:
1. medial rectus contracts
2. lateral rectus contracts
3. pupils dilate
4. pupils constrict
5. lens of the eye flattens
6. lens of the eye becomes more spherical
Assume you are looking at an object 30 feet away. If you suddenly look at an object that is 1 foot away, which events occur?
A)1,3,6
B)1,4,5
C)1,4,6
D)2,3,6
E)2,4,5
14
Given these events:
1. bipolar cells depolarize
2. decrease in glutamate released from presynaptic terminals of photoreceptor cells
3. light strikes photoreceptor cells
4. photoreceptor cells depolarized
5. photoreceptor cells hyperpolarized
Choose the arrangement that lists the correct order of events, starting with the photoreceptor cells in the resting, nonactivated state.
A)1,2,3,4,5
B)2,4,3,5,1
C)3,4,2,5,1
D)4,3,5,2,1
E)5,3,4,1,2
15
Given these neurons in the retina:
1. bipolar cells
2. ganglionic cells
3. photoreceptor cells
Choose the arrangement that lists the correct order of the cells encountered by light as it enters the eye and travels toward the pigmented retina.
A)1,2,3
B)1,3,2
C)2,1,3
D)2,3,1
E)3,1,2
16
Which of these photoreceptor cells is not correctly matched with its function?
A)rods—vision in low light
B)rods—visual acuity
C)cones—color vision
17
Concerning dark adaptation,
A)the amount of rhodopsin increases.
B)the pupils constrict.
C)it occurs more rapidly than light adaptation.
D)all of the above.
18
In the retina there are cones that are most sensitive to a particular color. Given this list of colors:
1. red
2. yellow
3. green
4. blue
Indicate which colors correspond to specific types of cones.
A)2,3
B)3,4
C)1,2,3
D)1,3,4
E)1,2,3,4
19
Given these areas of the retina:
1. macula lutea
2. fovea centralis
3. optic disc
4. periphery of the retina
Choose the arrangement that lists the areas according to the density of cones, starting with the area that has the highest density of cones.
A)1,2,3,4
B)1,3,2,4
C)2,1,4,3
D)2,4,1,3
E)3,4,1,2
20
Concerning axons in the optic nerve from the right eye,
A)they all go to the right occipital lobe.
B)they all go to the left occipital lobe.
C)they all go to the thalamus.
D)most go to the thalamus, some go to the superior colliculus
E)some go to the right occipital lobe, and some go to the left occipital lobe.
21
A lesion that destroyed the left optic tract of a boy eliminates vision in his
A)left nasal visual field.
B)left temporal visual field.
C)right temporal visual field
D)both a and b.
E)both a and c.
22
A person with an abnormally long eyeball (anterior to posterior) is _____________ and uses a _____________ to correct his or her vision.
A)nearsighted, concave lens
B)nearsighted, convex lens
C)farsighted, concave lens
D)farsighted, convex lens
23
Which of these structures is found within or is a part of the external ear?
A)oval window
B)auditory tube
C)ossicles
D)external acoustic meatus
E)cochlear duct
24
Given these ear bones:
1. incus
2. malleus
3. stapes
Choose the arrangement that lists the ear bones in order from the tympanic membrane to the ear.
A)1,2,3
B)1,3,2
C)2,1,3
D)2,3,1
E)3,2,1
25
Given these structures:
1. perilymph
2. endolymph
3. vestibular membrane
4. basilar membrane
Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order sound waves coming from the outside encounter them in producing sound.
A)1,3,2,4
B)1,4,2,3
C)2,3,1,4
D)2,4,1,3
E)3,4,2,1
26
The spiral organ is found within the
A)cochlear duct.
B)scala vestibuli.
C)scala tympani.
D)vestibule.
E)semicircular canals.
27
An increase in the loudness of sound occurs as a result of an increase in the _____________ of the sound wave.
A)frequency
B)amplitude
C)resonance
D)both a and b
28
Interpretation of different sounds is possible because of the ability of the _____________ to vibrate at different frequencies and stimulate the _____________.
A)vestibular membrane, vestibular nerve
B)vestibular membrane, spiral organ
C)basilar membrane, vestibular nerve
D)basilar membrane, spiral organ
29
Which structure is a specialized receptor found within the utricle?
A)macula
B)crista ampullaris
C)spiral organ
D)cupula
30
Damage to the semicircular canals affects the ability to detect
A)sound.
B)the position of the head relative to the ground.
C)the movement of the head in all directions.
D)all of the above.





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