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1 | |
The "Central Dogma" of protein synthesis can be summed up as follows: |
| | A) | DNA --> transcription --> RNA --> translation. |
| | B) | DNA --> translation --> RNA --> transcription. |
| | C) | DNA --> RNA --> transcription --> translation. |
| | D) | DNA --> RNA --> translation --> transcription. |
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2 | |
The differences between DNA and RNA include the following: |
| | A) | DNA is usually double stranded (duplex); RNA is usually single stranded (simplex). |
| | B) | The DNA sugar is ribose; the RNA sugar is deoxyribose. |
| | C) | Thymine is found in the RNA nucleotides; Uracil takes the place of thymine in DNA. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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3 | |
If the DNA coding strand is ACAGTCGAT, the complementary (non-coding) strand will be |
| | A) | ACAGTCGAT. |
| | B) | TGTCAGCTA. |
| | C) | UGUCAGCUA. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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4 | |
If the DNA coding strand is ACAGTCGAT, the mRNA strand will be |
| | A) | ACAGTCGAT. |
| | B) | TGTCAGCTA. |
| | C) | UGUCAGCUA. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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5 | |
Which statement is true? |
| | A) | Coiled eukaryotic DNA strands with attached proteins are called HU proteins. |
| | B) | Histone clusters are called nucleosomes. |
| | C) | The prokaryotic DNA strands should be referred to as chromatin fibers. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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6 | |
DNA polymerase is the enzyme that |
| | A) | Unzips the DNA strands. |
| | B) | Adds new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand. |
| | C) | Edits the new DNA molecule. |
| | D) | Ties together new pieces of DNA. |
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7 | |
Telomeres are |
| | A) | Knots in the center of the chromosome that seem to tie the chromatids together. |
| | B) | Starting points for DNA replication. |
| | C) | Molecules that bring new nucleotides to the replicating DNA strand. |
| | D) | Sequences of nucleotides found at ends of chromosomes. |
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8 | |
Which is the correct genetic sequence? |
| | A) | Promotor, initiation code, gene, terminator code, terminator region |
| | B) | Promotor, initiation code, gene, terminator region, terminator code |
| | C) | Initiation code, promotor, gene, terminator code, terminator region |
| | D) | Initiation code, promotor, gene, terminator region, terminator code |
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9 | |
The RNA polymerase |
| | A) | Breaks the attachment between the DNA strands. |
| | B) | Attaches to the start intron. |
| | C) | Brings in the nucleotide alanine. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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10 | |
Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules |
| | A) | Have a midsection known as a codon. |
| | B) | Are formed from non-functional mRNA molecules. |
| | C) | Pick up specific amino acids and take them to the ribosome. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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11 | |
When discussing split genes, it is important to remember that |
| | A) | The intron is a part of the gene, the exon is not. |
| | B) | The exon is a part of the gene, the intron is not. |
| | C) | Both the intron and the exon are function parts of the gene. |
| | D) | Neither the intron nor the exon is a functional part of the gene. |
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12 | |
Which statement(s) about mutations is/are correct? |
| | A) | Any change in the nucleic acid (whether "good," "bad," or "indifferent") is called a mutation. |
| | B) | A point mutation involves a complete codon rather than a single nucleotide. |
| | C) | A missense mutation causes a change in the amino acid at a given location. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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13 | |
The DNA template is used for |
| | A) | DNA replication and RNA transcription. |
| | B) | DNA replication and RNA translation. |
| | C) | RNA transcription and RNA translation. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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14 | |
Transposons are DNA segments that |
| | A) | Recombine the parts of the molecule adenine to form guanine. |
| | B) | Recombine the parts of the molecule thymine to form cytosine. |
| | C) | Function as mutagenic agents. |
| | D) | Are capable of moving from one chromosome to another. |
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15 | |
Recombinant DNA |
| | A) | Often involves plasmids. |
| | B) | Incorporates "foreign" genes into a host's DNA. |
| | C) | Can be used to produce such products as insulin, interferon, and growth hormone. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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16 | |
One difference between preRNA and mature RNA is: |
| | A) | kinds of nucleotide components. |
| | B) | presence of extra RNA in preRNA. |
| | C) | the part of DNA from which they were coded. |
| | D) | only the age of the molecules. |
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17 | |
Which of the following is NOT a chromosomal aberration? |
| | A) | inversion |
| | B) | duplication |
| | C) | deletion |
| | D) | X-ray |
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18 | |
The site of protein synthesis is: |
| | A) | at the nuclear membrane. |
| | B) | at ribosomes . |
| | C) | near microfilaments. |
| | D) | always at a Golgi body. |
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19 | |
While one strand of duplex DNA is being transcribed to mRNA: |
| | A) | the complementary strand makes tRNA. |
| | B) | the complementary strand is inactive. |
| | C) | the complementary strand at this point is replicating. |
| | D) | mutations are impossible during this short period. |
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20 | |
One way to introduce new DNA into an organism is |
| | A) | gene splicing. |
| | B) | replication. |
| | C) | removing introns. |
| | D) | transcription. |
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21 | |
Removing only one base in a DNA sequence: |
| | A) | usually has no effect on the organism. |
| | B) | could result in a chromosomal mutation. |
| | C) | cannot occur without extremes of heat and pressure. |
| | D) | can result in a significant change in the information about a protein. |
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22 | |
A major difference between the genetic data of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that in prokaryotes the: |
| | A) | genes are RNA not DNA. |
| | B) | histones are arranged differently. |
| | C) | duplex DNA is circular. |
| | D) | duplex DNA is absent in bacteria. |
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23 | |
If the DNA gene strand has the base sequence CCA - TAT - TCG, the complementary DNA strand will have the sequence: |
| | A) | CCA - TAT - TCG. |
| | B) | GGU - AUA - AGC. |
| | C) | CCA - UAU - UCG. |
| | D) | GGT - ATA - AGC. |
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24 | |
A DNA gene strand with the base sequence CCA - TAT - TCG will be transcribed into RNA with the base sequence: |
| | A) | CCA - TAT - TCG. |
| | B) | GGU - AUA - AGC. |
| | C) | CCA - UAU - UCG. |
| | D) | GGT - ATA - AGC. |
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25 | |
A DNA gene strand with the base sequence CCA - TAT - TCG codes for the amino acid sequence: (consult the Amino Acid - Nucleic Acid Dictionary in your text or lab manual) |
| | A) | proline - tyrosine - serine. |
| | B) | glycine - isoleucine - threonine. |
| | C) | proline- tyrosine - threonine. |
| | D) | glycine - isoleucine - serine. |
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26 | |
The mRNA codon CAU will form temporary bonds with the |
| | A) | mRNA anticodon CAU. |
| | B) | mRNA codon GUA. |
| | C) | tRNA anticodon GUA. |
| | D) | tRNA codon CAU. |
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27 | |
If the DNA base sequence GAG is mutated to GAC (consult the Amino Acid - Nucleic Acid Dictionary in your text) |
| | A) | aspartic acid will substitute for glutamic acid in the resulting polypeptide. |
| | B) | the resulting protein will be unable to function. |
| | C) | there will be no change in the amino acid sequence of the resulting polypeptide. |
| | D) | a chromosomal mutation has occurred. |
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28 | |
In eukaryotic cells, mature RNA is formed by the |
| | A) | removal of introns. |
| | B) | removal of exons. |
| | C) | addition of introns. |
| | D) | addition of exons. |
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