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Human Development: Updated, 7/e

James Vander Zanden, Ohio State University
Thomas Crandell, Broome Community College
Corinne Crandell, Broome Community College

Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Development

Learning Objectives

After completing Chapter 11, you should be able to:

1

Explain the role of the pituitary gland and gonadotropic system in activating growth-stimulating hormones leading to sexual maturation.

2

Describe how one's cognitive processes are affected by these biological changes.

3

Describe recent theories addressing why large numbers of young women in their early teens are becoming pregnant or having babies.

ethological (sociobiological) theory (Belsky, Steinberg, & Draper):

alternative theory (Maccoby):

sociological theory (Anderson):

4

Explain what is meant by the adolescent growth spurt and asynchrony.

5

Describe the changes that accompany the maturity of the female reproductive system, including menarche.

9-10 years old:

12-13 years old:

12-13 months later:

self-image:

6

Describe the changes that accompany the maturity of the male reproductive system.

11-11.5 years old:

13-14 years old:

14-15 years old:

15-18 years old:

7

Discuss the research findings on the timing of maturation and its effects on self-image and behavior of boys.

early maturation:

late maturation:

8

Discuss the research findings on the timing of maturation and its effects on self-image and behavior of girls.

early maturation:

late maturation:

9

Explain why a teenager's physical appearance is related to popularity and gender-related expectations.

10

Describe the following factors that relate to obesity.

demographic data:

causes of obesity:

consequences of dieting:

long-term health effects:

long-term social consequences:

social prejudice and discrimination:

11

Describe the reasons for and demographics of adolescent risky behaviors.

smoking:

alcohol and drugs:

STDs:

HIV/AIDS:

teen pregnancy:

body art/tattooing:

12

Complete the following information about anorexia and bulimia.

describe anorexia and the person's self-perception:

cite reasons why anorexia occurs:

describe personality characteristics associated with anorexia:

describe bulimia and the person's self-perception:

cite reasons why bulimia occurs:

describe personality characteristics associated with bulimia:

13

Describe why Piaget called adolescence the period of formal operations. Cite some contradictory views.

14

Cite some findings from the University of Chicago study (1984) on mood swings.

mood swings:

time with family:

sibling conflicts:

solitude:

sports and hobbies:

15

Define what is meant by adolescent egocentrism proposed by Elkind.

the personal fable:

imaginary audience:

16

Describe Even Start and discuss its goals

17

Give reasons why high school seniors in the United States have overall lower science and math scores than students in many other countries.

18

Tell how adolescents' political thinking develops as they make the transition through adolescence.

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