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Book Cover
Human Development: Updated, 7/e
James Vander Zanden, Ohio State University
Thomas Crandell, Broome Community College
Corinne Crandell, Broome Community College
Reproduction, Heredity and Genetics, and Prenatal Development

Chapter Outline

Whereas Chapters 1 and 2 examined the major developmental perspectives and theories, Chapter 3 illuminates the biological foundations of development. The chapter presents current research findings about the beginning of human development. Chapter 3 examines such important topics as the reproductive systems of males and females; the remarkable process of fertilization, growth and health factors crucial to prenatal development; the birth process; and possible complications of pregnancy and birth for mother, father, and child. Within this context, the following topics are covered:

1

Reproduction. This includes a detailed section on how human beings are able to reproduce. Also explained and critically evaluated are the genetic testing and counseling methods available to assess development before birth.

2

Heredity. This involves looking at the cellular level in order to understand the role that chromosomes, genes, and DNA play in passing on inheritances.

3

Genetics. This section covers principles of genetics such as dominant and recessive characteristics and phenotypes and genotypes. Also covered is genetic counseling and testing, and the methods of fetoscopy, amniocentesis, and ultrasonography.

4

Cell Division. Examine the differences between mitosis and meiosis as well as the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes.

5

Prenatal Development. The three stages of prenatal development--germinal, embryonic, and fetal--are highlighted.

6

Other Factors in Development. Environmental and teratological influences that can affect the developing organism are examined. These include drugs, disease, stress, HIV/AIDS, maternal age and the Rh factor.








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