Please answer all questions.

1			The nucleus contains the genes necessary for most of the cell functions.
			A)	True
			B)	False
2			Any change in a DNA sequence is called a mutation and may happen for a number of reasons.
			A)	True
			B)	False
3			A mutation always has a damaging effect on cells.
			A)	True
			B)	False
4			PKU is a disease, which results from the excessive breakdown of phenylalanine caused by a genetic defect.
			A)	True
			B)	False
5			When two monosaccharides are joined together, usually a molecule of water is also produced.
			A)	True
			B)	False
6			The removal of water during a synthesis is referred to as hydration.
			A)	True
			B)	False
7			When glycerol and fatty acids combine to form a fat, water is also produced.
			A)	True
			B)	False
8			Most enzymes are derived from some type of protein.
			A)	True
			B)	False
9			Enzymes are catalysts that alter chemical reaction rates by chemically combining with the substrate.
			A)	True
			B)	False
10			During the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex, the enzyme combines with what are termed the specific active sites on the substrate.
			A)	True
			B)	False
11			Humans normally synthesize the proteins and vitamins that are the essential components of enzymes.
			A)	True
			B)	False
12			All biochemical reactions must have some source of energy.
			A)	True
			B)	False
13			Most of the energy in human cells is derived from reactions that require oxygen.
			A)	True
			B)	False
14			Oxygen will increase the rate of glycolysis.
			A)	True
			B)	False
15			Carbohydrates could travel down catabolic pathways and result in energy, or anabolic pathways and be stored as glycogen or lipid.
			A)	True
			B)	False
16			Some of the reactions within a mitochondrion do not require oxygen in order to proceed.
			A)	True
			B)	False
17			During glycolysis, glucose becomes bound to phosphate in a process called phosphorylation.
			A)	True
			B)	False
18			Glucose is converted to fructose in the beginning of glycolysis.
			A)	True
			B)	False
19			Cytochrome oxidase refers to a group of Kreb cycle enzymes.
			A)	True
			B)	False
20			It is possible that one could produce body fat from eating excess carbohydrates.
			A)	True
			B)	False
21			There are about 20 amino acids that are considered to be essential and must be obtained from the diet.
			A)	True
			B)	False
22			The direction that metabolic pathways take is directly controlled by the amount of substrate available.
			A)	True
			B)	False
23			The synthesis of mRNA from DNA is called transcription.
			A)	True
			B)	False
24			The synthesis of proteins occurs during the transcription stage of RNA.
			A)	True
			B)	False
25			The addition of oxygen to a cell during glycolysis will increase the amount of ATP produced by this metabolic pathway.
			A)	True
			B)	False
26			Most of the ATP energy in the metabolism of glucose is derived from the Kreb's cycle (TCA; Citric Acid Cycle.)
			A)	True
			B)	False
27			A metabolic pathway consists of enzyme-controlled reactions leading to the formation of a product.
			A)	True
			B)	False
28			Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol and does not require oxygen.
			A)	True
			B)	False
29			An ATP molecule consists of an adenine, a ribose, and five phosphates.
			A)	True
			B)	False