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Short Answer Quiz
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1

Describe a structural gene.
2

What observations made by Garrod allowed him to determine that some genes encode single enzymes?
3

What two modifications were required for a more accurate theory than the one gene-one enzyme theory?
4

Predict the percentage of each potential codon in a synthetic RNA containing 20% C and 80% A. Predict identity and ratio of amino acids incorporated when this RNA is translated.
5

List three key lines of evidence used to "crack the genetic code" (identify codons with amino acids).
6

Describe the triplet binding assay.
7

Subunits of a protein are:
8

Restate the adaptor hypothesis proposed by Crick and Hoagland.
9

A tRNA molecule that has been attached to the acceptor stem is called:
10

Assuming the cell can make single tRNAs which recognize all the wobble codons for one amino acid, how many tRNAs would a cell need to synthesize to recognize all possible codons?
11

List the major structural elements of tRNA molecules.
12

What are isoacceptor tRNAs?
13

What features of a tRNA allow recognition of multiple codons?
14

How many different types of ribosomes might you find in a eukaryotic cell?
15

List the key steps of the initiation portion of prokaryotic translation.
16

Describe translational termination in eukaryotes.
17

Why do proteins destined for Golgi or lysomes require multiple signal peptides?





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