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Short Answer Quiz
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1

In maternal effect inheritance, the phenotype of an individual is determined by:
2

Explain what type of genetic cross would allow you to determine if a trait was inherited in a maternal effect pattern.
3

Would you expect the results of the F2 generation in the cross diagramed in Fig 7.1 to be different if dextral F1 individuals were intercrossed instead of outcrossed to sinistral individuals?
4

What is the function of nurse cells during oogenesis?
5

What are typical functions of maternal effect genes?
6

Many mutations in maternal effect genes are lethal early in embryonic development. Why?
7

Define epigenetic inheritance.
8

List at least two mechanisms of dosage compensation.
9

What is the Barr body?
10

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X linked disorder in humans, and is nearly exclusively seen in males. When sisters of DMD patients were examined for symptoms of DMD, a few of them were found to have mild symptoms which they had ignored. What might be an explanation for this situation?
11

A major symptom of DMD (see previous question) is the loss of skeletal muscle strength as muscle cells die. Muscle biopsies of heterozygous females at an age prior to normal onset of symptoms typically display a mix of affected and unaffected cells. However, muscle biopsies of older heterozygous females usually do not include affected cells. Speculate how this might occur.
12

The deletion that causes Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) actually affects two different genes. Which gene is normally silenced by imprinting in the female germline?
13

Define extranuclear inheritance.
14

What types of genes are typically found in a mitochondrial genome?
15

What is the classic pattern of inheritance of extranuclear inheritance?
16

How might you distinguish between maternal inheritance and a maternal effect?
17

Give at least two pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiosis theory.





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