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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1

What is a visual display of the chromosomes arranged by size, shape, and banding patterns?
A)syndrome
B)amniocentesis
C)karyotype
D)None of the above
2

Cells for karyotyping in an adult are usually:
A)white blood cells.
B)skin cells.
C)red blood cells.
D)nerve cells.
3

Cells for karyotyping in a fetus usually come from:
A)chorionic villi
B)skin cells
C)amniotic fluid
D)Both A and C are correct.
4

What process usually causes an individual to have an abnormal number of chromosomes?
A)cross-over
B)nondisjunction
C)insertion
D)deletion
5

Nondisjunction occurs when:
A)homologous pairs do not separate in meiosis I.
B)sister chromatids do not separate in mitosis or meiosis II.
C)crossing-over occurs in sister chromatids.
D)Both A and B are correct.
6

The most common autosomal trisomy in humans is:
A)Klinefleter syndrome.
B)Turner syndrome.
C)Jacobs syndrome.
D)Down's syndrome.
7

Down's syndrome is caused by a trisomy of chromosome ____.
A)21.
B)22.
C)14
D)18
8

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Down's syndrome?
A)wide, round face
B)under-developed gonads.
C)fold on upper eyelid
D)mental retardation.
9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Turner syndrome?
A)has only 1 sex chromosome, a Y.
B)short with a broad chest.
C)do not undergo puberty.
D)have a normal intelligence.
10

A male with two or more X chromosomes along with a Y has ________ syndrome.
A)Turner
B)Klinefelter
C)Down's syndrome
D)Jacobs
11

Jacobs syndrome karyotype is:
A)XXY
B)XY
C)XXX
D)XYY
12

The loss of a piece of a chromosome is called:
A)deletion.
B)insertion.
C)duplication.
D)inversion.
13

The loss of an end from chromosome 7 results in:
A)Turner syndrome.
B)Alagille syndrome.
C)Williams syndrome.
D)Klinefelter syndrome.
14

When a piece of a chromosome breaks off, then reattaches upsidedown, ______ occurs.
A)duplication
B)inversion
C)deletion
D)translocation.
15

The exchange of chromosomal segments between 2 nonhomologous chromosomes is called:
A)nondisjunction.
B)inversion.
C)translocation.
D)deletion.
16

An autosomal recessive disorder that usually occurs among Jewish people, where they lack the enzyme Hex A is called:
A)cystic fibrosis
B)Tay-Sachs disease
C)Alagille syndrome
D)Cri du chat
17

Cystic fibrosis is due to the failure of ______ to pass through the plasma membrane which prevents sodium and water from passing through also.
A)chloride ions
B)mucus
C)ATP
D)hydrogen ions
18

An autosomal recessive disorder that affects nervous system development due to the lack of the enzyme needed for normal metabolism of phenylalanine is:
A)Cri du chat
B)Tay-Sachs disease
C)Sickle-cell disease
D)PKU (phenylketonuria)
19

An autosomal dominant disorder that causes a defect in an elastic tissue protein called fibrillin is:
A)PKU
B)Marfan syndrome.
C)Huntington disease.
D)Alagile syndrome.
20

Huntington disease is caused by a mutated protein called huntingtin that causes:
A)multiple copies of glutamine in nerves.
B)clumping of excess glutamine in nerves.
C)progressive degeneration of brain cells.
D)All of the above are correct.
21

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive disorder caused by the lack of dystrophin which causes ____ to leak into muscles cells which then dissolve to be replaced by fibrous connective tissue.
A)huntingtin
B)chloride ions.
C)oxygen
D)calcium
22

_______ is called the bleeder's disease because the affected person's blood does not clot or clots very slowly.
A)Hemophilia
B)Huntington disease
C)Sickle-cell disease
D)None of the above.
23

Which of the following is NOT an X-linked recessive disorder?
A)hemophilia
B)Duchenne muscular dystrophy
C)Huntington disease
D)color-blindness
24

A _________ uses fragments of DNA containing a mutation and matches it with a complementary strand of DNA that can then be isolated.
A)DNA probe
B)genetic marker.
C)protein test
D)amniocentesis
25

Which of the following is NOT a method of testing a fetus for genetic abnormalities?
A)ultrasound
B)amniocentesis
C)chorionic villi sampling
D)DNA probe
26

After determining a person's genetic profile, which of the following could result from genetic counseling?
A)Preventive therapy using medical surveillance.
B)Drug therapy tailored to the individual.
C)Gene therapy to correct a mutation.
D)All of the above could be done.
27

_______ is the insertion of genetic material into human cells for the treatment of a disorder.
A)Gene therapy
B)Genetic engineering
C)DNA probe
D)None of the above
28

Gene therapy has been used to treat which of the following?
A)Severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome
B)Cystic fibrosis
C)poor coronary circulation
D)All of the above





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