Please answer all questions

1		Which of the following is a primary lymphatic organ?
			A)	Red bone marrow
			B)	Thymus
			C)	Spleen
			D)	Both A and B are correct
2		Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphatic organ?
			A)	Kidneys
			B)	Spleen
			C)	Lymph nodes
			D)	Tonsils
3		_______ are proteins produced by the body in response to a foreign substance called an _______.
			A)	Antigens; antibody
			B)	Allergies; antigen
			C)	Antibodies; antigens
			D)	None of the above.
4		The thymus secretes __________ that is believed to help T lymphocytes mature.
			A)	thyroxin
			B)	leukocytes
			C)	thymosin
			D)	epinephrine
5		A spleen nodule contains __________.
			A)	red pulp with blood cells and macrophages
			B)	white pulp with lymphocytes
			C)	both A and B
6		The spleen's purpose is to __________.
			A)	filter lymph of impurities
			B)	filter blood of impurities
			C)	both A and B
7		Each nodule of a lymph node contains a sinus filled with __________.
			A)	lymphocytes
			B)	macrophages
			C)	both A and B
8		Which of the following is NOT a location of a group of superficial lymph nodes?
			A)	Groin (Inguinal nodes)
			B)	Abdomen
			C)	Axilla
			D)	Neck (cervical nodes)
9		The nonspecific defenses include ______.
			A)	natural killer cells
			B)	barriers to entry
			C)	inflammatory reaction
			D)	complement and interferon
			E)	all of the above
10		Which of the following provide a barrier that keeps pathogens from entering body tissue?
			A)	Skin and mucous membranes
			B)	Stomach acid
			C)	Interstinal bacteria
			D)	All of the above
11		Which of the following is NOT an outward sign of inflammation?
			A)	Swelling
			B)	Heat
			C)	Pain
			D)	Redness
			E)	All the above are signs of inflammation.
12		Natural killer (NK) cells kill virus-infected and tumor cells by:
			A)	phagocytosis
			B)	antibodies
			C)	cell to cell contact causing death
			D)	inflammation
13		Which of the following is NOT an action of complement?
			A)	Amplify the inflammatory reaction.
			B)	Bind to the surface of a pathogen to ensure phagocytosis.
			C)	Attach and produce holes in bacteria so that they burst.
			D)	All of the above are actions.
14		A virus-infected cell produces and secretes __________.
			A)	antigen
			B)	exon
			C)	interferon
			D)	histamine
15		The shape of receptors on lymphocytes is complementary to a specific __________.
			A)	antibody
			B)	antigen
			C)	complement protein
			D)	lymphocyte
16		B cells give rise to plasma cells, which produce __________.
			A)	antibodies
			B)	antigen
			C)	erythrocytes
			D)	memory cells
17		Which pairing of antibody and location or function is correct?
			A)	IgA - main antibody in circulation that activates complement.
			B)	IgM - main antibody in milk and saliva
			C)	IgE - antibody responsible for allergic reactions
			D)	IgD - largest antibody; clumps cells
18		In order to recognize a nonself antigen, T cells must have the assistance of ____________.
			A)	antibodies
			B)	antigen-presenting cells
			C)	complement proteins
			D)	interferon
19		Cytotoxic T cells attack and destroy __________-bearing or abnormal body cells.
			A)	histamine
			B)	antigen
			C)	B-cell
			D)	antibody
20		Cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells are involved in _________________.
			A)	antibody-mediated immunity
			B)	nonspecific body defenses
			C)	cell-mediated immunity
			D)	all of these are correct
21		When exposed to an antigen, helper T cells enhance the response of other immune cells by secreting __________.
			A)	IgM
			B)	MHC
			C)	cytokines
			D)	histamines
22		Active immunity is dependent upon the presence of ___.
			A)	memory B cells
			B)	memory T cells
			C)	lymphocytes
			D)	memory B cells and memory T cells
23		Substances that contain an antigen to which the immune system responds are called ________.
			A)	vaccines
			B)	medications
			C)	immunoglobulins
			D)	mast cells
24		Which of the following is NOT a way to receive passive immunity?
			A)	Antibodies crossing the placenta
			B)	Getting sick from exposure to an antigen
			C)	Antibodies in breast milk
			D)	Getting an injection of antibodies.
25		Presently, monoclonal antibodies may be used in ___.
			A)	detecting pregnancy
			B)	identifying infections
			C)	both A and B
26		Immediate allergic responses are due to:
			A)	Cytokines released by memory T cells.
			B)	Allergens entering the blood stream.
			C)	IgE binding to mast cells and basophils which release histamine.
			D)	Monoclonal IgG antibodies replacing IgE antibodies.
27		Human illnesses caused by an attack on tissues by the body's own antibodies and T cells are called _________.
			A)	antibody diseases
			B)	autoimmune diseases
			C)	allergic reactions
			D)	allergen diseases
28		Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?
			A)	systemic lupus erythematosus
			B)	Rheumatoid arthritis
			C)	Graves disease
			D)	Measles