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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1

Recent studies of depression challenge the common presumption that
A)depressed people are negative thinkers
B)more women than men suffer major depressive episodes
C)depressed people are unrealistic
D)a depressed mood has both cognitive and behavioral consequences
2

Research on loneliness indicates that
A)lonely people see most things as within their control
B)lonely people are more realistic than those who do not report feelings of loneliness
C)loneliness always coincides with aloneness
D)lonely people tend to perceive others in negative ways
3

When researchers had relatively depressed and nondepressed college students observe whether their pressing a button was linked with whether a light came on, the results indicated that
A)the depressed underestimated their degree of control
B)the depressed were quite accurate in estimating their degree of control
C)the nondepressed were quite accurate in estimating their degree of control
D)both a and c
4

Which of the following is not one of the psychological difficulties discussed in the text in terms of social cognitions?
A)depression
B)schizophrenia
C)loneliness
D)social anxiety
5

Research on the social thinking of those vulnerable to depression indicates that
A)depression is both a cause and a consequence of their negative thinking
B)they have surprisingly positive self-concepts
C)males and females who are depressed think very differently
D)they are more vulnerable to both illusory correlation and the fundamental attribution error
6

Compared to nondepressed people, depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are
A)unstable
B)specific
C)internal
D)all of the above
7

According to Martin Seligman, the decline of religion and family, and the growth of the "you can do it" idea, has led to an increase in
A)character disorders
B)schizophrenia
C)phobias
D)depression
8

In contrast to those who are not lonely, lonely people tend to
A)spend more time talking about themselves when conversing with a stranger
B)be more inclined to blame others for their problems
C)be more susceptible to the illusion of control
D)be more inclined to idealize members of the opposite sex
9

Brodt and Zimbardo found that shy women were no longer shy when they
A)were provided an alternative explanation for their social anxiety
B)were provided alcohol before interacting with others
C)discovered most people feel shy
D)were taught to blame their failures on circumstances beyond their control
10

Students who were induced to write self-laudatory essays subsequently
A)expressed higher self-esteem in private self-ratings
B)were more likely to make the fundamental attribution error
C)showed greater hostility to a stranger
D)were more likely to rationalize their failure to help a person in need
11

Which of the following is not given as an example of a psychotherapy technique that utilizes the "attitudes-follow-behavior" principle?
A)assertiveness training
B)rational-emotive therapy
C)self-help groups
D)psychoanalysis
12

Explanatory style therapy attempts to teach depressed people to
A)accept credit for their successes and to note how circumstances make things go wrong
B)avoid the fundamental attribution error
C)attribute their depression to their own personality traits
D)focus on others rather than on themselves
13

Chronically lonely people tend to blame ____________ for their poor social relationships.
A)their parents or early childhood experiences
B)themselves
C)the uncaring attitudes of the people around them
D)cultural values and patterns
14

Which theory has been used to explain why we sometimes feel anxious in social situations?
A)self-perception theory
B)cognitive dissonance theory
C)self-presentation theory
D)social impact theory
15

Philip suffers from chronic depression. How is he likely to respond when told that he failed the test to renew his driver's license?
A)"Yesterday was just my unlucky day."
B)"I imagine very few people have passed that same test."
C)"The person giving the test is incompetent."
D)"I am a poor driver and always will be."
16

Valerie is a mildly depressed college student. From research presented in the text on depression she
A)probably suffers from the better-than-average phenomenon
B)assumes that her behavior is well-accepted by others
C)demonstrates the sadder-but-wiser effect
D)is below average in intelligence







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