 |
1 | |
Sponges generally lack true tissues and organs. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
2 | |
Most sponges are carnivores that suck prey in through specialized pores. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
3 | |
Feeding currents in sponges are produced by flagellated cells called choanocytes. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
4 | |
Food is trapped in most sponges by mineralized structures called spicules. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
5 | |
Support material in sponges is always made of calcium carbonate. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
6 | |
Cnidarians capture prey mainly by entangling and wrapping them with their tentacles. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
7 | |
Radial symmetry, such as seen in Cnidaria, occurs when similar parts of a body are arranged and repeated around a central axis. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
8 | |
Mature marine hydrozoan Cnidaria are mainly colonies of polyps that produce medusae as larvae. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
9 | |
The Portuguese man-of-war is a type of scyphozoan Cnidarian with a gas float. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
10 | |
Scyphozoan Cnidarians may be found in a polyp form, but the medusa stage generally dominates. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
11 | |
All Cnidarians in the polyp form have complex internal septa to aid digestion. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
12 | |
Corals and gorgonians are types of anthozoan Cnidarians. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
13 | |
Ctenophores (comb jellies) are similar to scyphozoan Cnidarians in that they have tentacles with nematocysts. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
14 | |
In bilaterally symmetric animals, the term "bilateral" indicates that there are two ways of cutting the body to get two identical halves. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
15 | |
Platyhelminths have a centralized brain, while Cnidarians do not. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
16 | |
Platyhelminths have a complete digestive tract with mouth and anus, while Cnidarians do not. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
17 | |
Parasitic Platyhelminths known as flukes typically infect a vertebrate as an adult, though may infect an invertebrate as a larva. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
18 | |
Nemertean worms entangle prey with a proboscis everted from a cavity above the mouth. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
19 | |
Marine nematode worms are hardly ever seen because they are relatively few in number. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
20 | |
Annelid worms have a true coelom for a body cavity, but Nematode, Nemertean, and Platyhelminth worms do not. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
21 | |
Segments of polychaete worms usually have fleshy extensions called parapodia which often have stiff bristles called setae. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
22 | |
Polychaete worms, like earthworms on land, are all deposit feeders. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
23 | |
All known animal phyla were discovered by biologists by the early 20th century. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
24 | |
Pogonophoran worms differ from most worms in that their digestive tracts are filled with bacteria. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
25 | |
Most molluscs have a tongue-like structure called a radula that carries rows of small teeth. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
26 | |
All molluscs have an external shell made of calcium carbonate. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
27 | |
Some gastropods use their radulas to scrape algae from rocks, and some are carnivores that may use the radula to rasp a hole in a prey's shell. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
28 | |
Brachiopods, or lamp shells, are a type of mollusc with a two-part shell. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
29 | |
Most bivalves use their radula teeth like a filter to trap small particles in the water. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
30 | |
Cephalopods use a structure called a funnel to squirt out water from their mantle cavities in order to create a kind of jet propulsion. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
31 | |
Squids and cuttlefish have internal shells. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
32 | |
Most chitons (Polyplacophorans) use their radulas to scrape algae off shoreline rocks. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
33 | |
Molluscs and Annelids are thought to be closely related phyla since they both produce similar planktonic larvae called trochophores. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
34 | |
Cephalopods are considered to have the most complex brain outside of the vertebrates, capable of advanced learning. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
35 | |
Arthropods must discard (molt) their chitinous exoskeletons in order to grow. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
36 | |
Amphipods and Isopods are similar small crustaceans with the former having bodies compressed side-to-side and the latter compressed top-to-bottom. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
37 | |
Copepod crustaceans typically use their antennae to swim in the plankton. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
38 | |
Barnacles use their antennae to filter particles out of the water. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
39 | |
Decapods generally have 5 pairs of swimming legs on the cephalothorax. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
40 | |
Hermit crabs have a long, soft abdomen, while true crabs have a small abdomen tucked under the cephalothorax. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
41 | |
Most asteroidean Echinoderms are carnivores, while most ophiuroideans eat particulates and small organisms off the bottom. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
42 | |
Sea urchins (echinoidean Echinoderms) feed with an elaborate jaw and muscle device called Aristotle's lantern. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
43 | |
Sea cucumbers (holothuroidean Echinoderms) are carnivores, using modified tentacular tube feet to grasp animal prey. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
44 | |
Echinoderms have a separate brain for each portion of the radial body. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
45 | |
Echinoderms, Hemichordates and Chordates (which includes humans) are all thought to be closely related because of common features in early embryonic development. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
46 | |
Sea squirts and humans have in common a hollow nerve cord, gill slits, and notochord during some stage of their life cycles. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
47 | |
Benthic sea squirts (ascidean Urochordates) and planktonic salps (thaliacean Urochordates) both filter-feed with an incurrent and excurrent siphon. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
48 | |
Lancelets (Cephalochordates) are similar to Vertebrates in structure except for the lack of backbone. |
| | A) | T |
| | B) | F |
|
|
49 | |
The following animals are largely carnivores: |
| | A) | Chaetognatha. |
| | B) | Bryozoa. |
| | C) | Brachipoda. |
| | D) | Sipunculida. |
|
|
50 | |
Echinoderms are characterized by |
| | A) | usually having a heptaradial symmetry. |
| | B) | having an exoskeleton similar to that of Arthropods. |
| | C) | often moving with the use of hundreds of fluid-powered tube feet. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
| | E) | both b and c. |
|
|
51 | |
Some of the most common and widespread marine animals are |
| | A) | insects. |
| | B) | copepods. |
| | C) | loriciferans. |
| | D) | brachiopods. |
|