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1 | |
What is the common name of the platyhelminths? |
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2 | |
The ___________________ flatworms are usually considered the most primitive bilateral animals and the 1st group to have evolved a true ______________. |
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3 | |
Others have argued that flatworms have descended from _________________ ancestors. |
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4 | |
The tissue that occupies the entire space between the outer body wall and the gut lining is called ________________________. Is it simple or complex connective tissue? |
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5 | |
What type of digestive system do flatworms (turbellarians and trematodes) have? |
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6 | |
Why don’t they have specialized respiratory and circulatory organs? What performs these functions? |
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7 | |
What is the function of the protonephridia? |
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8 | |
How do most flatworms reproduce? Are they monoecious or dioecious? |
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9 | |
In the parasitic flatworms, the larval epidermis is replaced by a living, nonciliated, syncytial __________________. |
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10 | |
Name the major classes of the Phylum Platyhelminthes. Which class is generally considered to be the ancestral group (more primitive)? |
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11 | |
Are turbellarians primarily free-living or parasitic? aquatic or terrestrial? marine or freshwater? benthic or free-swimming? |
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12 | |
Describe the turbellarian nervous system. |
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13 | |
What structures are primarily used by turbellarians for locomotion? are the epidermal cells multiciliated or monociliated? |
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14 | |
What is the function of the duo-gland adhesive cells? |
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15 | |
What are rhabdites? What is their probable function? |
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16 | |
Describe the turbellarian digestive system. Distinguish between the types of guts and the types of pharynges in acoels, polyclads and triclads, and the rhabdocoels. Is digestion extracellular, intracellular, or both? |
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17 | |
How does sperm transfer occur in acoels and in the majority of turbellarians (macrostomids, triclads, polyclads)? |
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18 | |
Fertilized eggs of turbellarians usually hatch into miniature flatworms; this is called ________ development. However, in some marine species there is a free-swimming larval stage, called a _____________ larva. |
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19 | |
The flukes belong to the Class ____________. What are the major problems that parasites such as flukes must overcome? |
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20 | |
How are flukes adapted for parasitism? |
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21 | |
Digenetic flukes always require at least 1 intermediate host before reaching the final host. What are the larval stages in the life cycle? |
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22 | |
The tapeworms belong to the Class ______________. What are the defining characteristics of the class? |
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23 | |
How do tapeworms differ from turbellarians? How are they adapted for parasitism? |
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24 | |
Describe a general life cycle of a tapeworm. Why should you not eat undercooked beef, pork, or fish? |
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