Please answer all questions. The numbers at the end of each question refer to the textbook page where the question topic is discussed.
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1 | | Cells were first observed as boxlike cavities in cork by (49) |
| | A) | Schleiden |
| | B) | Schwann |
| | C) | Hooke |
| | D) | both a and b |
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2 | | The cell theory states that living organisms are composed of (49) |
| | A) | proteins |
| | B) | fats |
| | C) | lipids |
| | D) | none of the above |
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3 | | Which human cell can be seen with the unaided eye? (49) |
| | A) | an ovum |
| | B) | a red blood cell |
| | C) | a squamous cell |
| | D) | both a and c |
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4 | | Oxygen is found as what percentage of body weight in the human organism? (50) |
| | A) | 95% |
| | B) | 65% |
| | C) | 18% |
| | D) | 10% |
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5 | | Which is not an organic compound within a cell? (50) |
| | A) | a protein |
| | B) | a carbohydrate |
| | C) | a lipid |
| | D) | water |
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6 | | Water functions as a reactant in the breakdown, or ________, of food. (51) |
| | A) | metabolism |
| | B) | hydrolysis |
| | C) | hydrophobia |
| | D) | emulsification |
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7 | | The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrate compounds is (52) |
| | A) | 1:1 |
| | B) | 2:1 |
| | C) | 2:2 |
| | D) | 2:3 |
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8 | | Which of the following is not a major component of a cell? (53) |
| | A) | a nucleus |
| | B) | a cell membrane |
| | C) | chromoplasm |
| | D) | protoplasm |
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9 | | The process of passive movement of molecules from regions of higher concentration toward regions of lower concentration is called (55) |
| | A) | osmosis |
| | B) | active transport |
| | C) | diffusion |
| | D) | filtration |
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10 | | The principle source of energy for the filtration that occurs within the kidneys is (55) |
| | A) | cellular energy |
| | B) | blood pressure |
| | C) | molecular motion |
| | D) | carrier energy |
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11 | | The permeability of the cell membrane depends on each of the following factors except the (54) |
| | A) | size of the molecules |
| | B) | ionic charge |
| | C) | speed of molecular movement |
| | D) | presence of carrier molecules |
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12 | | Cell membranes in contact with the lumen of the GI (gastrointestinal) tract are highly specialized to permit (54) |
| | A) | absorption |
| | B) | nucleoplasm retention |
| | C) | ectoplasmic retention |
| | D) | filtration |
| | E) | both a and d |
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13 | | A hearing sensation within the spiral organ (organ of Corti) of the inner ear is initiated through the tactile stimulation of the specialized cilialike receptors called (57) |
| | A) | hair cells |
| | B) | microvilli |
| | C) | stereocilia |
| | D) | auditory filaments |
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14 | | Protoplasm includes the (57) |
| | A) | cytoplasm |
| | B) | nucleoplasm |
| | C) | ectoplasm |
| | D) | both a and b |
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15 | | Ribosomes are small, granularlike organelles that (57) |
| | A) | provide cellular energy in the form of ATP |
| | B) | synthesize proteins |
| | C) | function as carrier molecules |
| | D) | synthesize carbohydrates |
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16 | | Mitochondria are double-membraned, saclike organelles that (58) |
| | A) | synthesize carbohydrates and form glycoproteins |
| | B) | regulate the transport of RNA molecules |
| | C) | synthesize proteins |
| | D) | control the production of cellular energy in the form of ATP |
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17 | | Phagocytic activity is made possible by the enzymatic function of the (59) |
| | A) | vacuoles |
| | B) | lysosomes |
| | C) | Golgi apparatus |
| | D) | smooth ER |
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18 | | The term DOUBLE HELIX best describes the (65) |
| | A) | appearance of a spiraled chromosome |
| | B) | structure of the nucleotides in deoxyribonucleic acid |
| | C) | series of spindle fibers attached to the centrioles during prophase |
| | D) | equatorial plate during prophase |
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19 | | Which of the following is not a type of nitrogenous base in a DNA molecule? (65) |
| | A) | guanine |
| | B) | thymine |
| | C) | atropine |
| | D) | cytosine |
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20 | | In which phase of the cell cycle does the replication of the DNA occur? (70) |
| | A) | G1 phase |
| | B) | S phase |
| | C) | M phase |
| | D) | G2 phase |
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21 | | Cytokinesis is the |
| | A) | division of the cytoplasm during cell division |
| | B) | splitting of the chromosomes at the equatorial plate |
| | C) | division of the chromosomes during cell division |
| | D) | replication of the DNA molecule |
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22 | | Which of the following series of events of mitosis is in correct sequence? (70) |
| | A) | telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase |
| | B) | prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase |
| | C) | anaphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase |
| | D) | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
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23 | | In which stage of mitosis do daughter chromosomes reach their respective poles? (71) |
| | A) | telophase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
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24 | | In which stage of mitosis do chromatic pairs line up on the equatorial plane? (71) |
| | A) | telophase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
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25 | | In which stage of mitosis do distinct chromosomes form from nuclear chromatin? (71) |
| | A) | telophase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
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26 | | Compensatory hypertrophy in muscles is characterized by a (n) (72) |
| | A) | increase in the number of cells |
| | B) | increase in cellular mass in response to increased work |
| | C) | increase in cellular mass due to increased protein absorption |
| | D) | greater amount of blood flow to the muscle cells |
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27 | | Specialized cellular change in which one type of cell transforms into another is known as (72) |
| | A) | hyperplasia |
| | B) | metaplasia |
| | C) | atrophy |
| | D) | hypertrophy |
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28 | | Which of the following is true? (73) |
| | A) | Cancerous cells divide more rapidly than regular cells |
| | B) | Cancerous cells divide at about the same rate as regular cells. |
| | C) | Cancerous cells are more resistant to death than regular cells. |
| | D) | Both a and c are true. |
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29 | | The lattice of microfilaments and microtubules within a cell forms the (61) |
| | A) | cytoskeleton |
| | B) | cell membrane |
| | C) | endoplasmic reticulum |
| | D) | cell filaments |
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30 | | ________ are nitrogen containing organic compounds composed of amino acid molecules. (51) |
| | A) | Lipids |
| | B) | Proteins |
| | C) | Carbohydrates |
| | D) | Nitrates |
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31 | | Which of the following is not an inorganic substance? (51) |
| | A) | water |
| | B) | protein |
| | C) | acid |
| | D) | salt |
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32 | | Which of the following is false regarding water? (51) |
| | A) | Water is an excellent solvent for transporting solutes across a cell membrane. |
| | B) | Water maintains a constant cell temperature. |
| | C) | Water functions in hydrolysis of food. |
| | D) | all of the above are true |
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33 | | Which of the following is not a function of ions? (51) |
| | A) | control of water movement through cells |
| | B) | maintenance of normal pH balance |
| | C) | insulation of organs |
| | D) | conduction of electrical currents |
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34 | | Which of the following is not a component of the cell membrane? (53) |
| | A) | DNA |
| | B) | large globular proteins |
| | C) | phospholipids |
| | D) | carrier molecules |
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35 | | Which of the following processes does not require ATP? (55) |
| | A) | active transport |
| | B) | filtration |
| | C) | pinocytosis |
| | D) | phagocytosis |
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36 | | Rheumatoid arthritis can result from abnormalities in ________ function. (60) |
| | A) | lysosome |
| | B) | lysozyme |
| | C) | Golgi apparatus |
| | D) | phagocyte |
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37 | | Which of the following is not a specialization of the cell membrane? (61) |
| | A) | microvilli |
| | B) | hair cells |
| | C) | cilia |
| | D) | sacs |
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38 | | In an average healthy adult, over ________ cells will die and be mitotically replaced during a 24-hour period. (65) |
| | A) | 100 billion |
| | B) | 1 trillion |
| | C) | 10 billion |
| | D) | 100 million |
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39 | | Which of the following is not a component of DNA? (65) |
| | A) | a phosphate group |
| | B) | adenine |
| | C) | thymine |
| | D) | ribose |
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40 | | In which phase does synthesis of the enzymes and other proteins needed for division occur? (70) |
| | A) | S1 phase |
| | B) | G1 phase |
| | C) | G2 phase |
| | D) | M phase |
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41 | | The science concerned with developmental defects and the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of malformations is known as (73) |
| | A) | embryology |
| | B) | neonatology |
| | C) | teratology |
| | D) | pathoembryology |
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