Chapter Quiz


1	Atomic nuclei contain positively charged neutrons and negatively charged protons.
		A)	True
		B)	False


2	An element is the smallest, stable subdivision of matter.
		A)	True
		B)	False


3	Valence is the capacity of electrons in an atom to combine with electrons in another atom.
		A)	True
		B)	False


4	Acids are compounds that release hydrogen ions when they are dissolved in water.
		A)	True
		B)	False


5	Macromolecules are formed by the addition of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions during a condensation reaction.
		A)	True
		B)	False


6	Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base, five-carbon sugar, and phosphate group.
		A)	True
		B)	False


7	Which of the following is a characteristic of all living organisms?
		A)	digestion
		B)	respiration
		C)	response to stimuli
		D)	all of the above


8	Which of the following is NOT considered a metabolic activity?
		A)	digestion
		B)	callus production
		C)	respiration
		D)	photosynthesis


9	Which of the following statements about electrons is true?
		A)	They may be located in one of more energy levels of an atom.
		B)	They are the same distance from the nucleus at all times.
		C)	They are positively charged.
		D)	They have a heavier mass than protons and neutrons.


10	Which of the following statements about water molecules is false?
		A)	They form a cohesive network.
		B)	They are polar.
		C)	They are attracted to dissimilar molecules.
		D)	None of the above.


11	What is the name of the bond that occurs between an ion of sodium and an ion of chlorine when forming salt?
		A)	covalent
		B)	ionic
		C)	hydrogen
		D)	none of the above


12	What is formed when an acid and a base are mixed?
		A)	covalent bonds
		B)	sodium hydroxide
		C)	salt and water
		D)	an alkaline compound


13	The first law of thermodynamics states that
		A)	energy flows in one direction when it is converted.
		B)	energy can be neither created nor destroyed.
		C)	energy is either kinetic or potential.
		D)	energy-yielding reactions are vital to normal cell functions.


14	Which of the following molecules consists of repeating amino acids units?
		A)	fatty acid
		B)	polysaccharide
		C)	polypeptide
		D)	nucleic acid


15	Which macromolecule is the chief structural polymer in plant cells but is not readily digestible by most animals?
		A)	cellulose
		B)	starch
		C)	glucose
		D)	glycerol


16	Phospholipids are
		A)	lipids.
		B)	components of cell membranes.
		C)	polar.
		D)	all of the above.


17	Which molecule stores twice as much energy as the same amount of a carbohydrate?
		A)	DNA
		B)	starch
		C)	lipids
		D)	proteins


18	Which level of structural organization in proteins is represented by the spiral staircase arrangement formed by hydrogen bonding?
		A)	primary
		B)	secondary
		C)	tertiary
		D)	quaternary


19	The minimal amount of energy needed to cause molecules to react with one another is called
		A)	potential energy.
		B)	substrate energy.
		C)	kinetic energy.
		D)	activation energy.


20	RNA and DNA are types of
		A)	enzymes.
		B)	nucleic acids.
		C)	genes.
		D)	proteins.

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