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1

Fungi are ________________.
A)sometimes cryptoendolithic
B)vitally important in the biosphere
C)decomposers
D)All of these are correct.
2

True or false. Fungal diversity in the soil greatly influences the species composition of the plant community.
A)True
B)False
3

How do fungi differ from plants?
A)fungi store carbohydrate as glycogen
B)fungal cell walls consist of chitin
C)fungi are heterotrophs
D)All of these are correct.
4

In what manner are fungi different from animals?
A)heterotropic nutrition
B)communicate with pheromones
C)saprobic nutrition
D)store carbohydrate as glycogen
5

The visible part of a fungus that extends above the ground is called the _____________.
A)thallus
B)hypha
C)rhizoid
D)mushroom
6

Long strands of fungal tissue not separated into cells by dividers are called _______________.
A)septate hyphae
B)continuous mycelium
C)nonseptate hyphae
D)multicellular mycelium
7

True or false. There is considerable fossil evidence of fungi.
A)True
B)False
8

The microscopic primitive fungi, called ___________, are found everywhere.
A)zygomycetes
B)ascomycetes
C)chytrids
D)basidiomycetes
9

Black bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) is a ____________.
A)zygomycete
B)ascomycete
C)chytrid
D)basidiomycete
10

The fungi that cause diaper rash and chestnut blight, produce the antibiotic penecillin, and give rise to the edible truffle all belong to the _____________.
A)zygomycetes
B)ascomycetes
C)chytrids
D)basidiomycetes
11

Sexual spores of the ascomycetes are called ___________.
A)asci
B)basidia
C)ascospores
D)conidia
12

In what way are ascomycetes and basidiomycetes considered sister groups?
A)they share DNA sequences
B)both have septate hyphae
C)a dikaryon may be formed before sexual reproduction
D)All of these are correct.
13

True or false. Smuts and rusts are plant pathogens from the basidiomycetes that destroy cereal crops.
A)True
B)False
14

True or false. The mushroom is a key player in the basidiomycete sexual reproductive cycle.
A)True
B)False
15

Mycorrhiza fungi help plants to _______________ while the plants give ____________ to the fungi.
A)transport nutrients; protection
B)absorb water and minerals; carbohydrate
C)stand in the soil; nitrogen
D)absorb water; minerals
16

A lichen is a symbiotic relationship between ______________.
A)two fungi of different groups
B)a plant and a fungus
C)a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium
D)a fungus and an insect
17

True or false. Lichens can be used to monitor air pollution.
A)True
B)False
18

True or false. Leaf-cutter ants and their fungal gardens constitute a mutualistic symbiosis, where both participants benefit.
A)True
B)False







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