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| vertebrates invertebrates animal tissues organs organ systems embryos larvae choanoflagellates extracellular matrix heterotrophs parasite detritivore predator carnivore subkingdom Parazoa phylum Porifera Eumetazoa symmetry asymmetrical Radiata Bilateria radially symmetrical aboral bilaterally symmetrical anterior posterior cephalization doral ventral hermaphroditic blastula gastrula primary germ layers diploblastic ectoderm endoderm mesoderm triploblastic direct development larva metamorphosis metamorphose protostomes deuterostomes blastomeres determinate cleavage indeterminate cleavage spiral cleavage radial cleavage blastopore anus coelom acoelomates pseudocoelomates coelomates ecdysozoans lophotrochozoans sponges Porifera choanocytes mesohyl region amoebocytes spicules spongocoel osculum sponging budding gemmules Cnidaria nematocysts cnidocytes marine sessile gastrovascular cavity polyp medusa cilia planula strobila pneumatophore hydrostatic skeleton corals reefs dinoflagellates Platyhelminthes eversible pharynx flukes oral sucker scolex nerve net chemosensory auricles eyespots protonephridia excretory system flame cells proglottids Mollusca mollusks mantle cavity mantle ventrally located muscular foot visceral mass radula chitinous bivalves gastropods cephalopods ciliated trochophore Annelida metamerism oligochaetes setae clitellum polychaetes parapodia Hirudinea annuli radioles anticoagulant closed circulatory system ventral nerve cord Nematoda Caenorhabditis elegans longitudinal muscles complete digestive systems hypodermis cuticle Arthropoda insects crustaceans arachnids pupae parasitoids exoskeleton chitin appendages molt open circulatory systems hemolymph hemocoel spiracles tracheae tracheoles gills book lungs Malpighian tubules solpugids pectines maleoli compound eyes arthropods uniramous biramous chelicerates mandibulates chelicerae subphylum Chelicerata mandibles Crustacea Uniramia pedipalps cephalothorax abdomen mesosoma carapace pharynx silk spinnerets myriapods antennae Echinodermata endoskeleton calcareous ossicles test pentaradial symmetry pedicellariae water vascular system tube feet ampulla respiratory tree cloaca |