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| musculoskeletal system muscles skeleton hydrostatic skeleton circular muscle longitudinal muscle coelom braced framework exoskeleton endoskeleton cartilage skeletal (voluntary) muscle joint radius ulna humerus axial skeleton sternum appendicular skeleton clavicles scapulae pectoral girdle pelvic girdle sutures sinuses foramen magnum vertebral column cervical vertebrae thoracid vertebrae lumbar vertebrae sacrum coccyx rib cage pelvis chondrocytes collagen osteoblasts osteoclasts osteocytes lacunae elastin osteonic canal osteon periosteum epiphyseal plate medullary cavity osteon osteonic canals canaliculi periosteum callus spongy bone compact bone marrow cavity yellow marrow striated muscle smooth muscle depressors elevator muscles extensor muscle flexor muscle smooth muscle involuntary muscles cardiac muscle intercalated disks skeletal muscle tendon muscle fibers myofibrils sarcolemma sarcoplasmic reticulum transverse tubules myofilaments troponin tropomyosin dystrophin sarcomeres Z lines A bands H zone I bands sliding filament model cross bridge acetylcholine neuromuscular junction rigor mortis creatine phosphate glycogen twitch slow-twitch fibers myoglobin flight muscles fast-twitch fibers tetanus motor unit muscle spindles muscle tone stretch-sensitive neurons antagonistic pair joints synovial joints synovial capsules ligaments synovial fluid bursae bursitis rheumatoid arthritis osteoarthritis fulcrum levers tendons origin insertion hypertrophy atrotphy |