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| ethology nature vs. nuture innate fixed-action pattern modal action pattern sign stimulus releaser auditory tactile pheromone supernormal releaser reaction chain learning habituation classical conditioning conditioned stimulus unconditioned stimulus operant conditioning positive reinforcement negative reinforcement Skinner box imprinting critical period insight learning reasoning latent learning migration orient navigate taxis homing map sense territoriality diversion competition dominance hierarchy linear hierarchy cannibalism courtship ritual mating systems monogamy parental investment polygamy polygyny polyandry polygynandry sexual dimorphism altruism fitness kin selection inclusive fitness direct fitness indirect fitness eusocial temporal castes confusion effect fountain effect dilution effect coda drone royal jelly foraging |