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| biotic community ecosystem biodiversity habitat niche fundamental niche interspecific competition realized niche intertidal zone principle of competitive exclusion resource partitioning symbiosis mutualism commensalism parasitism parasitoid predator prey camouflage warning coloration mimicry coevolution keystone species ecological succession climax community pioneer species secondary succession r-selected K-selected biosphere biomes food chain trophic level primary producer autotroph consumer heterotroph secondary consumer tertiary consumer decomposer detritus food web net primary productivity pyramid of energy pyramid of numbers pyramid of biomass biomass phytoplankton zooplankton biogeochemical cycles water cycle carbon cycle nitrogen cycle nitrogen gas (N2) nitrogen-fixing bacteria ammonia nitrifying bacteria nitrites nitrates denitrifying bacteria nitrogenase legumes phosphorus cycle phosphates bioaccumulation biomagnification sea surface microlayer vernal pools niagra escarpment cryptoendolithic fjords |