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Chapter 22: Skin Infections
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1
The skin is an effective barrier to pathogens in which of the following ways? 1. Leukocytes are closely associated with the skin. 2. The surface cells continually fall off making it difficult for pathogens to gain a foothold. 3. The pH of the skin is normally acidic. 4. The salt content of the skin is high. 5. Sebum and sweat contain substances that inhibit the growth of most pathogens.
A)1,2,3.
B)2,3,4.
C)2,3,4,5.
D)1,2,3,4.
E)1,2,3,4,5.
2
Which of the following are normal flora of the skin?
A)Corynebacterium.
B)Propionobacterium.
C)Staphylococcus.
D)yeasts.
E)all the above.
3
Which of the following microorganisms is most closely associated with acne?
A)Staphylococcus.
B)Propionibacterium.
C)Corynebacterium.
D)Streptococcus.
E)Fungi.
4
All of the following are true with regard to the Staphylococci EXCEPT:
A)They are universally present on normal skin.
B)They are salt tolerant and therefore are able to grow well on salty skin.
C)They help to prevent colonization of pathogens.
D)The principal species on the skin is Staphylococcus aureus.
E)They are capable of causing disease if the host defenses are impaired.
5
An infection of a hair follicle that progresses into a large area of redness, swelling, and pain with pus drainage and possibly fever would be called ____________________.
A)acne vulgaris.
B)folliculitis.
C)a carbuncle.
D)a furuncle.
E)necrotizing fasciitis.
6
Which of the following virulence factors and its effect are mismatched?
A)exfoliatin/inhibits phagocytosis.
B)leukocidin/kills white blood cells.
C)proteases/degrade collagen.
D)protein A/binds to antibodies to inhibit phagocytosis.
E)coagulase/produces clots to impede movement of white blood cells.
7
All of the following are true of scalded skin syndrome EXCEPT:
A)Skin is red, with large blisters and peeling of skin.
B)It is caused by a Streptococcus.
C)Exfoliatin is carried from site of infection by the blood to the epidermis and results in the splitting of the cell layers of the epidermis.
D)It is transmitted person-to-person especially in newborns.
E)The incubation period is usually days.
8
Which of the following are true with regard to impetigo?
1. It usually is a superficial skin infection limited to the epidermis.
2. It is the most common type of pyoderma.
3. It is caused by both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.
4. In untreated cases, the kidneys may become inflamed.
5. It can be spread on fomites such as towels or toys that are shared by children.
A)1,2,4.
B)1,2,3.
C)1,2,3,5.
D)1,2,4,5.
E)1,2,3,4,5.
9
All of the following are true with regard to Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever EXCEPT:
A)It is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii.
B)The microbe is introduced into humans via a tick bite.
C)The microbe is taken up by the endothelial cells of small blood vessels where they multiply and ultimately lyse the cells.
D)The damage remains localized in the vessels near the skin.
E)Ticks are most active from April to September and most cases occur during this time.
10
A disease caused by an infection with Borrelia burgdorferi that is introduced to humans through a tick bite, and has a bullseye rash as a hallmark symptom is
A)impetigo.
B)Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.
C)Lyme disease.
D)tinea.
E)dermal mycosis.
11
Which of the following precautions can someone take to reduce the risk of acquiring diseases that result from tick bites? 1. Avoid tick-infested areas. 2. Wear protective clothing to minimize exposed areas of skin. 3. Use tick repellents before going into tick infested areas. 4. Grasp the tick with tweezers around its abdomen to get a firm hold and remove the tick. 5. Treat the site with antiseptic after removing the tick.
A)1,2,3.
B)1,2,3,4.
C)1,2,4.
D)1,2,3,5.
E)1,2,3,4,5.
12
All of the following are true regarding chickenpox EXCEPT:
A)It is caused by the varicella virus.
B)Recovery is usually uncomplicated.
C)The lesions itch, and scratching can lead to serious secondary infections.
D)The disease tends to be more serious when it occurs in teenagers and adults.
E)All the above are true.
13
Reye's syndrome sometimes is a serious complication of which of the following diseases?
A)Lyme disease.
B)Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
C)chickenpox.
D)shingles.
E)measles.
14
A reactivation of the chickenpox virus that causes painful blisters along the path of a sensory nerve, usually occurring on the face or the trunk, is called ____________________.
A)rubeola.
B)shingles.
C)reactivated chickenpox.
D)Reye's syndrome.
E)Dermatitis.
15
All of the following are true of rubeola, EXCEPT:
A)It is characterized by a fine red rash that spreads over the body.
B)In complicated cases, it may lead to encephalitis that can result in permanent brain damage.
C)Like polio, it is transmitted by the ingestion of contaminated water.
D)Humans are the only natural host.
E)It is highly contagious.
16
Which of the following diseases have vaccinations that will protect humans from infection? 1. Chickenpox 2. measles 3. German measles 4. scalded skin syndrome 5. impetigo
A)1,2,3.
B)1,2,3,4.
C)2,3,5.
D)2,3,4,5.
E)1,2,3,4,5.
17
A disease of infants from the ages of 6 months to three years old that may result in a fever up to 105 degrees and convulsions and is caused by herpes virus type 6 is ___________________.
A)erythema infectiosum.
B)roseola.
C)rubella.
D)chickenpox.
E)measles.
18
Warts are caused by which of the following microbes?
A)rhinoviruses.
B)Streptococcus.
C)papillomaviruses.
D)tinea.
E)arboviruses.
19
Which of the following are true with regard to the superficial cutaneous mycoses? 1. They are caused by fungi that can invade the hair, nails and the skin. 2. Jock itch, athlete's foot and ringworm are examples of this type of infection. 3. Some species produce a keratinase that allows them to penetrate through the outer layers of the skin. 4. Most people colonized by these fungi will have symptoms of itching, a bad odor, or a rash. 5. These fungi like to grow in warm moist areas of the body.
A)1,2,5.
B)1,2,3.
C)1,2,3,5.
D)1,2,4,5.
E)1,2,3,4,5.
20
Which of the following diseases would be classified as a zoonosis? 1. Measles 2. chickenpox 3. Rocky Mountain spotted fever 4. Lyme disease 5. scalded skin syndrome
A)1,2,3.
B)2,3,4.
C)1,2,3,4.
D)2,3,4,5.
E)3,4.
21
The antibiotic tetracycline is regularly used to treat severe acne for the following reason.
A)Acne is generally caused by bacteria.
B)Acne is generally caused by viruses.
C)Tetracycline inhibits the immune response, causing acne.
D)Tetracycline causes skin cells to shed rapidly.
E)Tetracycline encourages abscess formation.
22
Skin diseases are usually not caused by the following.
A)Fungi
B)Worms.
C)Bacteria.
D)Viruses.
E)Rickettsias.
23
The appearance of Lyme disease in urban areas is most likely due to the following.
A)Raccoons moving into the area.
B)A decline in the deer population, causing the disease to reservoir in humans.
C)The disease starts being spread by cockroaches and flies.
D)Campers developing the symptoms after returning home from a camping trip.
E)Cooler weather.
24
Proper hand washing is probably the best way to reduce the spread of the following infectious skin disease.
A)Lyme disease.
B)Measles.
C)Scalded skin syndrome.
D)Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
E)Chickenpox.
25
A physician notices Koplik's spots in a young patient. She should suggest that the patient be further tested for which of the following diseases.
A)Mumps.
B)Chickenpox.
C)Lyme disease.
D)Rubella.
E)Rubeola.





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