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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
The planarian is an example of an animal with a complete gut.
A)True
B)False
2
Digestion contributes to homeostasis by _____.
A)producing hormones which regulate blood chemistry
B)filtering out nitrogenous waste
C)providing the body with nutrients needed to sustain cells
D)producing red blood cells which transport oxygen
3
Planarians _____.
A)relies on a circulatory system to distribute nutrient molecules
B)perform extracellular and intracellular digestion
C)have a digestive system with many specialized parts
D)all of the above
4
Parasitic flatworms have no digestive tract at all.
A)True
B)False
5
The food is ground up and churned in the _____ of an earthworm.
A)pharynx
B)gizzard
C)stomach
D)gastrovascular cavity
6
Which of the following are filter feeders?
A)baleen whales
B)clams
C)marine fanworms
D)all of the above
7
Discontinuous feeders need a storage region for food.
A)True
B)False
8
Organisms that feed only on plants are referred to as _____.
A)herbivores
B)omnivores
C)carnivores
9
Carnivores _____.
A)have pointed incisors and enlarged canine teeth
B)have a shorted digestive tract than herbivores
C)have a less specialized digestive tract than herbivores
D)all of the above
10
Nonspecialized teeth are characteristic of _____.
A)herbivores
B)omnivores
C)carnivores
11
An example of an organism with a complete gut is a(n) _____.
A)tapeworm
B)planarian
C)earthworm
D)jellyfish
12
An organism with a mouth and an anus has a(n) _____ gut.
A)incomplete
B)complete
13
Absorption of nutrients requires a large surface area.
A)True
B)False
14
The body wall of a tapeworm has millions of fingerlike projections that _____.
A)increase surface area for absorption of nutrients
B)cling to the host's intestinal wall
C)secrete digestive enzymes
D)trap the tapeworm's prey
15
Specialization of the digestive tract is present in earthworms as evidenced by their _____.
A)crop
B)intestine
C)gizzard
D)all of the above
16
Microorganisms in the _____ of cows and deer begin the digestion of partially chewed grasses.
A)mouth
B)rumen
C)intestine
D)none of the above
17
Digestion of food in humans is an extracellular process.
A)True
B)False
18
Food is ingested through the mouth and makes its way to the stomach via the _____.
A)trachea
B)aorta
C)esophagus
D)small intestine
19
The digestive system of humans _____.
A)is complete
B)has a mouth and an anus
C)is a tube within a tube
D)all of the above
20
Food is found only within the digestive tract.
A)True
B)False
21
Digestion is facilitated by _____.
A)the nervous system
B)accessory glands
C)hormones
D)all of the above
22
The _____ is a digestive accessory gland.
A)pancreas
B)liver
C)both A and B
23
Chemical digestion begins in the _____.
A)mouth
B)esophagus
C)stomach
D)small intestine
24
Salivary amylase begins the chemical digestion of _____.
A)lipids
B)proteins
C)glucose
D)starch
25
The _____ is where the respiratory and digestive passages come together.
A)larynx
B)esophagus
C)trachea
D)pharynx
26
The _____ prevents food from entering the trachea.
A)epiglottis
B)uvula
C)cardiac sphincter
D)diaphragm
27
William Beaumont's studies of the stomach revealed it to be much more than a mere storage organ.
A)True
B)False
28
Many ulcers can simply be treated with antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori.
A)True
B)False
29
Pepsin is a hydrolytic enzyme that acts on protein to produce peptides.
A)True
B)False
30
The pH of the stomach is _____.
A)acidic
B)neutral
C)basic
31
The stomach has a pH of about 2 because of the presence of _____ which is secreted by the gastric glands.
A)sodium bicarbonate
B)hydrochloric acid
C)citric acid
D)bile
32
Salivary amylase continues to digest starch in the stomach.
A)True
B)False
33
The stomach is protected from the enzymatic action of pepsin by a thick layer of mucus.
A)True
B)False
34
Chyme is the _____.
A)thick, soupy stomach contents
B)mixture of chewed food and saliva
C)secretions of pancreas
D)undigested food which is eliminated
35
The amount of surface area available for enzymatic activity is increased in the _____.
A)mouth
B)stomach
C)both A and B
36
Pancreatic amylase digests _____.
A)starch
B)maltose
C)glucose
D)all of the above
37
Secretions from the pancreas and liver enter the _____.
A)stomach
B)duodenum
C)large intestine
38
Bile appears green because it contains pigments from the breakdown of hemoglobin.
A)True
B)False
39
Fat droplets are digested to gylcerol and fatty acids by _____.
A)maltase
B)trypsin
C)nuclease
D)lipase
40
A large surface area for absorption is created by _____.
A)villi
B)microvilli
C)both A and B
41
The last part of the small intestine is called the duodenum.
A)True
B)False
42
Pancreatic juice has digestive enzymes that act on every major component of food.
A)True
B)False
43
Pancreatic juice contains _____ which neutralizes the chyme and makes the pH of the small intestine slightly basic.
A)bile
B)sodium bicarbonate
C)hydrochloric acid
D)ammonia
44
Which of the following enzymes is found in pancreatic juice?
A)trypsin.
B)salivary amylase.
C)maltase.
D)all of the above.
45
Greater surface area for the digestion of fats by lipase is created by _____.
A)bile
B)sodium bicarbonate
C)villi
D)chewing
46
The digestion of peptides and sugars is completed by _____.
A)amylase
B)pepsin
C)brush-border enzymes
D)none of the above
47
A lacteal is a _____.
A)blood vessel
B)lymph vessel
C)both A and B
48
All absorption of nutrients occurs by diffusion.
A)True
B)False
49
The products of fat digestion are absorbed by the _____ of the villi.
A)blood vessels
B)lacteals
50
The majority of the chemical digestion performed by enzymes occurs in the _____.
A)mouth
B)stomach
C)small intestine
D)large intestine
51
Gastric inhibitory peptide inhibits gastric gland secretion and stomach motility.
A)True
B)False
52
When the nerves leading to the digestive tract are cut, the stomach and pancreas cease to secrete their enzymes.
A)True
B)False
53
The pancreas is an _____ gland.
A)exocrine
B)endocrine
C)both A and B
54
Pancreatic enzymes function at a _____ pH.
A)very acidic
B)slightly basic
C)neutral
55
The liver's function is to _____.
A)store glucose as glycogen
B)produce bile
C)produce urea
D)all of the above
56
The large intestine _____.
A)produces digestive enzymes
B)absorbs water, salts and some vitamins
C)is much longer than the small intestine
D)all of the above
57
Bacteria in the large intestine produce _____ which is necessary for blood clotting.
A)vitamin E
B)vitamin C
C)vitamin K
D)vitamin D
58
Feces are composed of _____.
A)mucus
B)intestinal bacteria
C)undigested plant material
D)all of the above
59
Some investigators believe that dietary fat increases the risk of colon cancer while dietary fiber decreases the risk of colon cancer.
A)True
B)False
60
Which is recommended to prevent osteoporosis?
A)a calcium intake of 1000-1500 mg a day
B)estrogen.
C)exercise
D)all of the above
61
The transport of oxygen is dependent upon sufficient amounts of _____ in the diet.
A)iodine
B)sodium
C)iron
D)zinc
62
Vitamin _____ defends the body against free radicals.
A)C
B)E
C)A
D)all of the above
63
The new dietary pyramid recommends _____.
A)we eat five servings of fruits and vegetables a day
B)that fats, oils, and sweets be used sparingly
C)limited consumption of meats and dairy products
D)all of the above
64
Calcium is needed for _____.
A)bone construction
B)blood clotting
C)muscle contraction
D)all of the above
65
Anemia may be caused by a dietary deficiency of _____.
A)iron
B)vitamin B12
C)both A and B
66
Night blindness is prevented by adequate amounts of _____ in the diet.
A)vitamin A
B)vitamin C
C)vitamin K
D)vitamin D
67
Rickets is prevented by the fortification of milk with vitamin D.
A)True
B)False
68
Niacin and riboflavin are important components of the electron carriers NAD+ and FAD used during glycolysis and cellular respiration.
A)True
B)False
69
Taking a dietary supplement is just as good as actually consuming fresh fruits and vegetables.
A)True
B)False
70
Almost all the sodium in our food is added during commercial processing.
A)True
B)False
71
A vegetarian may become _____ deficient since it is usually obtained from meat.
A)iron
B)zinc
C)sodium
D)calcium
72
The production of thyroxine depends on the presence of _____.
A)sodium
B)iron
C)calcium
D)iodine
73
Conduction of nerve impulses requires _____.
A)calcium
B)sodium
C)potassium
D)all of the above
74
Green leafy vegetables are good food sources for _____.
A)calcium
B)vitamin E
C)iron
D)all of the above





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