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Multiple Choice
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1

Everything a person does that can be observed directly constitutes __________.
A)behavior
B)emotions
C)attitudes
D)motivation
2

A psychologist who asks people to report their mental processes or activities in response to a stimulus like a distinct sound is using the method of ____________________.
A)natural selection
B)introspection
C)functional thinking
D)structural thinking
3

The first prominent American psychologist was ____________________.
A)B. F. Skinner
B)Albert Bandura
C)Edward Tichener
D)William James
4

Which of the following would a behaviorist consider an expression of anger?
A)An adult plotting to have a co-worker demoted or fired.
B)An adult slamming the door upon leaving a room.
C)A child daydreaming about fighting a bully at school.
D)A child having recurrent dreams about running away from home.
5

A cognitive psychologist would be most likely to emphasize the ____________________.
A)importance of instincts in determining behavior
B)mental processes involved in thinking
C)usefulness of reinforcement in establishing behavior
D)influence of natural selection
6

A psychologist who uses a social learning approach would attribute much of an athlete's success to ______________________________.
A)the environment in which she was reared
B)her close relationship to her father as a child
C)her parent's system of rewards and punishment
D)the early observation and imitation of successful athletes
7

A behavioral neuroscientist would be most likely to study the ______________________________.
A)availability of support groups for troubled teenagers
B)relationship between stress and depression
C)importance of intelligence in school achievement
D)role of the brain in visual illusions
8

A school psychologist who is a member of the positive psychology movement would be most likely to consider ways to ____________________.
A)maintain discipline in the classroom
B)increase student creativity
C)remove aggressive students from classes
D)help teachers cope with depressed students
9

A developmental psychologist who conducts a study to determine the attitudes of people in the United States about the effects of divorce on adolescents is being __________.
A)conceptual
B)ethical
C)analytic
D)objective
10

A personality psychologist who conducts a study to see if being the child of two extraverted parents predicts extraversion in the child is testing a __________.
A)law
B)theory
C)hypothesis
D)conclusion
11

A requirement in an applied psychology course is to conduct a study using the scientific method. The first thing students must do is _________________.
A)conceptualize a problem
B)collect data
C)draw conclusions
D)analyze data
12

Since every student at a college has an identification number, a computer program can be used to select groups of students in such a way that every student has an equal opportunity to be selected for any experiment conducted by the psychology department. Groups selected in this manner are _______________.
A)biased samples
B)random samples
C)experimental groups
D)control groups
13

A school psychologist administered an arithmetic calculation test to a student having difficulty with multiplication so that she could compare the student's score to the scores obtained by large numbers of students at the same grade level. Such a test is said to be _______________.
A)standardized
B)unbiased
C)independent
D)inferential
14

An assignment in an experimental psychology course requires each student to administer a questionnaire about campus safety to 25 other students who live in dormitories. The assignment is intended to teach students how to conduct _______________.
A)experiments
B)case studies
C)surveys
D)naturalistic observations
15

A correlation coefficient equal to +1.00 between scores on a foreign language placement test and grade point averages in foreign language courses means that _______________.
A)prior knowledge of foreign language causes higher grades
B)higher placement scores are associated with lower grades
C)knowing student placement scores permits prediction of grades
D)there is no relationship between placement test scores and grades





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