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  • Aging is not a disease, but rather a natural biological process.
  • There are two explanations for the declines that occur during aging.
    • Genetic preprogramming theories of aging suggest that human cells have a built-in time limit to their reproduction.
    • Wear-and-tear theories suggest that the mechanical functions of the body simply stop working efficiently as people age.
    • Evidence exists to support both the genetic preprogramming and wear-and-tear views.
  • Current research suggests that functioning declines less with age than had once been thought.
    • Even when changes in intellectual functioning do occur during late adulthood, people often are able to compensate for any decline.
  • Most evidence suggests that memory change is not an inevitable part of the aging process.
  • Memory declines during late adulthood, affecting particular types of memory.
    • Declines in episodic memories can often be traced to changes in the lives of older adults.
  • Senility is a broad, imprecise term typically applied to older adults who experience progressive deterioration of mental abilities.







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