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| 1 | |
Baby biographies, journals kept to record children's early development, were the forerunners of today's |
| | A) | massive diaper and infant formula industries. |
| | B) | scientific study of development. |
| | C) | interest in the hobby of creating scrapbooks. |
| | D) | surge in celebrity biographies and reality television. |
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| 2 | |
Mr. Brown, a fourth-grade teacher, has started rewarding his students for turning in their homework on time with "Brown Bucks," tickets that can be redeemed for various prizes. Which of the goals of human development is Mr. Brown trying to accomplish? |
| | A) | prediction |
| | B) | modification |
| | C) | description |
| | D) | explanation |
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| 3 | |
Forty-five-year-old Juana walks for exercise. Currently she walks 3 miles 5 days a week. Last year she only walked 1 mile once a week. This is an example of a _____ change. |
| | A) | psychosocial |
| | B) | quantitative |
| | C) | cognitive |
| | D) | qualitative |
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| 4 | |
Paul gained a lot of weight during his first year of college, and now he is anxious about meeting new people or starting conversations. This is an example of how the _____ domain of development can affect the _____ domain. |
| | A) | physical; psychosocial |
| | B) | psychosocial; physical |
| | C) | cognitive; psychosocial |
| | D) | physical; cognitive |
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| 5 | |
There is really no objectively definable moment when a toddler becomes a young child. Yet developmental scientists have defined periods of the lifespan. Therefore, these divisions must be considered |
| | A) | normative definitions. |
| | B) | psychosocial domains. |
| | C) | linguistic conventions. |
| | D) | social constructions. |
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| 6 | |
Georgia's appetite has decreased and she sometimes has nightmares. But she is learning several new things. She recently realized, for example, that she was going to be a female the rest of her life and that she is left-handed. Georgia is most likely in the _____ period of development. |
| | A) | late adulthood |
| | B) | adolescence |
| | C) | early childhood |
| | D) | middle childhood |
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| 7 | |
Processes of development that are experienced by all human beings are known as |
| | A) | universal processes. |
| | B) | environmental influences. |
| | C) | individual differences. |
| | D) | normative influences. |
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| 8 | |
The influence of the inborn traits that we receive from our biological parents is called |
| | A) | universal. |
| | B) | environment. |
| | C) | normative. |
| | D) | heredity. |
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| 9 | |
Skip and Missy live with their children, Taylor and Madison. Theirs is a(n) _____ family. |
| | A) | nuclear |
| | B) | plastic |
| | C) | mature |
| | D) | extended |
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| 10 | |
Poverty, or low socioeconomic status, can increase children's risk of |
| | A) | all of these. |
| | B) | death in infancy. |
| | C) | inadequate health care. |
| | D) | repeating a grade in school. |
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| 11 | |
People who share a distinctive culture, ancestry, or religion are likely to be considered members of the same |
| | A) | ethnic group. |
| | B) | ethnic gloss. |
| | C) | historical generation. |
| | D) | age cohort. |
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| 12 | |
It is difficult for researchers to pay as much attention to ethnic and cultural differences as they might want to because many members of minority groups |
| | A) | consider themselves to be members of more than one group or of their own unique category. |
| | B) | acculturate to a dominant culture by quickly changing their ways. |
| | C) | are wary about participating in research. |
| | D) | all of these factors apply. |
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| 13 | |
For people in the Indian Ocean region, the tsunami that struck in December 2004 was a |
| | A) | normative age-graded influence. |
| | B) | normative history-graded influence. |
| | C) | normative critical period. |
| | D) | nonnormative influence. |
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| 14 | |
Although he will probably still be able to learn them later, Trihn is now at an age where it is especially easy for him to learn new languages. Trihn is in a _____ period of development. |
| | A) | plastic |
| | B) | critical |
| | C) | sensitive |
| | D) | normative |
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| 15 | |
The life-span theory of development proposed by Paul Baltes suggests that development is plastic. This means that |
| | A) | many abilities can be modified, even improved, throughout the whole life span. |
| | B) | people choose to invest their resources of time and energy in different ways throughout their lives. |
| | C) | once childhood is over, people are no longer able to improve their memories or other capacities. |
| | D) | most societies in the world are developing by using synthetic building materials rather than natural ones like wood. |
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