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| 1 | |
During middle childhood, as they form what Piaget called representational systems, children's self-descriptions become more |
| | A) | all of these. |
| | B) | balanced. |
| | C) | realistic. |
| | D) | conscious. |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following describes the behavior of children with low self-esteem in social situations? |
| | A) | If they have social problems, they look for reasons in the situation. |
| | B) | If they are rejected, they blame their own personality deficiencies. |
| | C) | They try new social strategies until they find one that works. |
| | D) | They volunteer to help others. |
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| 3 | |
Which child is MOST likely to develop empathy and other prosocial behaviors? |
| | A) | Henrietta, whose parents acknowledge her sad feelings |
| | B) | Dominique, whose parents say, "Oh, Honey, don't feel that way. Everything will be okay!" when she feels sad |
| | C) | Jacqueline, whose parents tell her, "Stop crying or we'll give you something to cry about" when she feels sad |
| | D) | Franny, whose parents tease her when she is sad |
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| 4 | |
According to research on maternal employment, which child of a working mother has the best chance of good adjustment and high achievement in school? |
| | A) | Martina, an eight-year-old girl who lives in a low-income family and whose aunt and grandmother take turns caring for her while her single mother works two jobs |
| | B) | Maxine, an eight-year-old girl who lives in a middle-class family and whose mother works part-time so she can be home when Maxine gets home from school |
| | C) | Max, an eight-year-old boy who stays home alone after school until his parents get home and sometimes has to cook his own dinner when they work late |
| | D) | Martin, an eight-year-old boy whose babysitter watches him and eleven other children after school |
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| 5 | |
Of the following, which adopted children are MOST likely to experience adjustment problems? |
| | A) | children who are adopted in infancy |
| | B) | those adopted by parents of another race |
| | C) | children adopted through open adoptions |
| | D) | adolescents |
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| 6 | |
Which of these children would be expected to have the FEWEST problems socially and educationally? |
| | A) | Dora, who lives with her mother and stepfather and their new baby |
| | B) | Richard, who lives with his mother and her lesbian partner; the two women have been together since before Richard was born |
| | C) | Bret, who lives with his mother, his sister, his stepfather, his stepfather's mother, and his stepfather's three children |
| | D) | Meredith, who lives with her mother and sees her father every other weekend |
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| 7 | |
Now that he is in fourth grade, Kyle walks to school by himself. His mom and dad don't walk with him anymore because they are confident he knows the rules about going straight to school and not stopping to play or talking to strangers. Kyle's parents' new habit of sharing control for Kyle's behavior with Kyle is called |
| | A) | transubstantiation. |
| | B) | coregulation. |
| | C) | overlapping domains. |
| | D) | simultaneous self-monitoring. |
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| 8 | |
Children can learn a lot from their peers, but not all of it is positive. For example, peer groups can foster |
| | A) | all of these. |
| | B) | prejudice. |
| | C) | conformity pressure. |
| | D) | antisocial behavior, such as drug-taking. |
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| 9 | |
Which boy is most likely to become popular as he moves into adolescence? |
| | A) | Jonathan, who is aggressive |
| | B) | Manuel, who believes that no one can or ever will like him |
| | C) | Lenny, whose parents use an authoritarian parenting style and harsh punishment |
| | D) | Kenny, who has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). |
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| 10 | |
Studies assessing the effects of watching television on children's aggression consistently show that |
| | A) | violence has a negative effect only on children who are already aggressive |
| | B) | the more television children watch, the more harmful the effects of television viewing |
| | C) | children are able to separate their values and ideals in real life from what they see on television |
| | D) | although violence on television has a large impact on children from 8 to 12 years old, the effects subside as they get older |
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| 11 | |
The class bully is looking for someone to pick on at recess. Which child is most likely to become today's victim? |
| | A) | Savannah, whose was raised by authoritative parents to have high self-esteem |
| | B) | Madison, who is playing with a large group of friends at recess |
| | C) | Denver, who broke into tears last time the bully picked on her |
| | D) | Phoenix, who is taller, heavier, and stronger than the bully |
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| 12 | |
Since she started a new school two months, Angelique's behavior has changed. She no longer seems to have any fun; she has problems with concentration, fatigue, and apathy. She feels worthless and believes she has no friends. Angelique most likely is suffering from |
| | A) | generalized anxiety disorder. |
| | B) | childhood depression. |
| | C) | obsessive-compulsive disorder. |
| | D) | separation anxiety disorder. |
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| 13 | |
Statistical analyses suggest that which type of therapy is most effective when targeting children's specific problems? |
| | A) | behavior therapy |
| | B) | play therapy |
| | C) | art therapy |
| | D) | drug therapy |
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| 14 | |
Recently, a child who attended the same school as 8-year-old DeLisa was kidnapped and murdered. The school psychologist has told all the parents to look for symptoms of anxiety in their children. Symptoms particularly common for DeLisa's age group are |
| | A) | nightmares, stomachaches, and inability to concentrate. |
| | B) | all of these. |
| | C) | bedwetting, whimpering, and fear of separation from parents. |
| | D) | substance abuse, revenge fantasies, and antisocial behavior. |
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| 15 | |
Which child is MOST likely to succumb to the negative effects of stress? |
| | A) | Phil, whose teachers have "taken him under their wing" and serve as mentors to him |
| | B) | Chen, who has a high IQ and is good at problem solving |
| | C) | Rodney, who excels in playing the violin and is popular with his classmates |
| | D) | Eugene, who goes straight home after school every day to help care for his sick mother and his younger brother |
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