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| 1 | |
Which of the following self-descriptions would most likely come from Silvio, a five-year-old? |
| | A) | "I have black hair and dark eyes and a dog named Pierot. I love my dog and my mom and dad and my little sister." |
| | B) | "My passion is writing scary stories because I can write about being scared and excited at the same time." |
| | C) | "I'm an athlete and enjoy playing baseball, although there are some days when I just can't seem to hit the ball." |
| | D) | "I'm a good friend, but am not the most popular kid at school. I'm not great at writing, but am pretty good at most other things." |
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| 2 | |
Which child is most likely to grow into adulthood feeling that he is a "bad" person? |
| | A) | Avery, who keeps trying new strategies when other things don't seem to be working |
| | B) | Charles, who believes he has to try harder on his next test because he didn't do well this time |
| | C) | Barry, who feels ashamed and gives up easily when he can't solve a problem |
| | D) | Dale, who decided to try a different approach to befriend some schoolmates who shunned him |
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| 3 | |
Five-year-old Dalton's mom just caught him drawing on the seats of the minivan. Which of the following is he most likely to say about how he and his mom feel about him for doing this? |
| | A) | none of these. |
| | B) | "I'm ashamed of myself." |
| | C) | "My mom is ashamed of me." |
| | D) | "My mom is ashamed of me and I'm ashamed of myself" |
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| 4 | |
Researchers have found the following difference between boys and girls in the first six years of life: |
| | A) | As toddlers, boys are more likely than girls to hit, bite, and throw temper tantrums. |
| | B) | Girls are more sensitive to touch than boys. |
| | C) | Girls are more likely than boys to be cooperative and to use responsive language. |
| | D) | The overall intelligence scores of boys are slightly higher than those of girls. |
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| 5 | |
Which child is most likely to exhibit gender-stereotyped behavior? |
| | A) | Drew, who watches a lot of television |
| | B) | Craig, whose parents read him books in which boys and girls are friends |
| | C) | Allen, whose parents both work outside the home and share the housework |
| | D) | Bryan, who is being raised by his mother in a single-parent household |
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| 6 | |
Studies of girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia tend to support the _____ view of gender development. |
| | A) | psychoanalytic |
| | B) | biological |
| | C) | socialization-based |
| | D) | cognitive |
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| 7 | |
Cassie and her friends Lonnie and Nell are playing house, pretending they are "Mom," "Dad," and "Baby." They exchange toys, follow each other around, and when Nancy wants to join them, they finally say "okay." They giggle and seem to be having fun playing with each other. This is an example of what Parten called |
| | A) | parallel play. |
| | B) | onlooker play. |
| | C) | cooperative play. |
| | D) | associative play. |
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| 8 | |
Which of these children is most likely to engage in highly imaginative pretend play? |
| | A) | Alder, who will soon turn four and attends preschool |
| | B) | five-year-old Rowan, who attends half-day kindergarten and has afternoons free for play dates with friends |
| | C) | six-year-old Birch, who watches between two and three hours of television every day |
| | D) | six-year-old Willow, who goes to an academically rigorous, all-day kindergarten |
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| 9 | |
The most common pattern among children in most cultures is for _____ to prefer to play with boys, and _____ to prefer to play with girls. |
| | A) | girls; girls |
| | B) | boys; girls |
| | C) | boys; boys |
| | D) | girls; boys |
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| 10 | |
According to your textbook the best way for most parents to discipline young children is to |
| | A) | ignore or ridicule a child who is misbehaving. |
| | B) | spank children in moderation and only when no other form of discipline is working. |
| | C) | use firm commands and threaten to take away privileges if the commands are not followed, then follow through on threats by withdrawing privilege for as long as two weeks. |
| | D) | teach children to use words to express their feelings, give them choices, and help them evaluate the consequences of their behavior. |
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| 11 | |
When Lonny's dad tells him to turn off the TV and get ready for bed, Lonny pleads to be able to watch the rest of his show. His dad shouts, "When I say, ‘Go to bed,' I don't want any backtalk. No TV for you for a week." Lonny's father is using the _____ style of parenting. |
| | A) | authoritarian |
| | B) | permissive |
| | C) | authoritative |
| | D) | uninvolved |
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| 12 | |
Four children were sent home from school with notes to their parents because they disrupted class when they had a substitute teacher. Which mother is most likely to help her child avoid that type of behavior in the future? |
| | A) | Ms. Smith, who said, "You're grounded for a month. I don't ever want to get another report like that again!" |
| | B) | Ms. Ross, who said, "Put yourself in the teacher's place. How would you feel if you were treated like that?" |
| | C) | Ms. Jones who failed to see the note because is too busy to read all the bits of paper the teacher sends home. |
| | D) | Ms. Fields, who said, "You know what? I did the same thing when I was your age and I turned out just fine. Kids do stuff like that." |
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| 13 | |
Preschool classmates Rodney and Darlene are angry at each other. Rodney punches Darlene, who cries and tells Rodney, "I'm not your friend any more!" Rodney is displaying _____ aggression, and Darlene is showing _____ aggression. |
| | A) | instrumental; hostile |
| | B) | relational; hostile |
| | C) | hostile; relational |
| | D) | covert; instrumental |
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| 14 | |
If 6-year-old Isaac and his 4-year-old brother Gadi have a typical relationship, then most of the time we would expect them to |
| | A) | be highly competitive with each other. |
| | B) | be affectionate with each other and enjoy each other's companionship. |
| | C) | display a great deal of sibling rivalry with each other. |
| | D) | exhibit considerably more hostility toward each other than affection. |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following preschoolers is most likely to be popular among classmates? |
| | A) | Ginger, who sometimes lies down kicking and screaming in the playhouse if the other children will not let her be the "baby" |
| | B) | Rosemary, who tries to enter a game of blocks by kicking over the towers the other kids have already built so that they can all build a new one together |
| | C) | Sorrel, who is outgoing, shares toys, and doesn't get angry very easily |
| | D) | Basil, who is shy and nervous about asking to play with the other kids |
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