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| 1 | ____________ is the audience's perception of how believable a speaker is. |
 | A) | Rectitude |
| B) | Credibility |
| C) | Prestige |
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| 2 | A speaker's credibility is affected above all by how the audience regards the speaker's |
| A) | education and notoriety. |
| B) | reputation and rationality. |
| C) | competence and character. |
| D) | celebrity and judgment. |
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| 3 | ____________ is the name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as credibility. |
| A) | Ethos |
| B) | Pathos |
| C) | Logos |
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| 4 | Strong evidence can |
| A) | enhance a speaker's credibility. |
| B) | increase the persuasiveness of a speech. |
| C) | inoculate listeners against counterpersuasion. |
| D) | all of the above. |
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| 5 | No matter what kind of evidence you employ, it will be more persuasive if you state it in specific rather than general terms. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 6 | Evidence is more likely to be persuasive if it is familiar to the audience. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 7 | Pathos is the word Aristotle used to refer to a speaker's logical appeal. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 8 | What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement?Over the past few years, there have been a number of cases of academic fraud in men's college basketball programs. We can conclude, therefore, that academic fraud is a widespread problem in men's college basketball. |
| A) | causal reasoning |
| B) | reasoning from principle |
| C) | reasoning from specific instances |
| D) | analogical reasoning |
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| 9 | What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement?I watched a Taiwanese film in class last week, and it was extremely violent. When I mentioned this to my friend, she said that she, too, had seen a violent Taiwanese film. Apparently all Taiwanese films are violent. |
| A) | false cause |
| B) | hasty generalization |
| C) | invalid analogy |
| D) | faulty rationale |
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| 10 | Reasoning from principle involves moving from a specific principle to a general conclusion. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 11 | What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement?I usually eat spaghetti for dinner the day before an exam, but I ran out of spaghetti the night before the calculus final. That's why I got a C. |
| A) | false cause |
| B) | invalid analogy |
| C) | fallacious principle |
| D) | slippery slope |
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| 12 | The fallacy of false cause is often known by its Latin name, post hoc, ergo propter hoc. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 13 | What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement?Because the crime-reduction policy I propose has worked successfully in New York, Houston, and New Orleans, we can be confident that it will work here as well. |
| A) | analogical reasoning |
| B) | reasoning from principle |
| C) | reasoning from generalization |
| D) | colloquial reasoning |
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| 14 | According to your textbook, the most important question to ask when assessing analogical reasoning is whether |
| A) | the analogy creates a logical dilemma. |
| B) | the two cases being compared are essentially alike. |
| C) | the analogical effect is caused by a third variable. |
| D) | the minor premise needs to be supported. |
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| 15 | According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?Either we install metal detectors in the city schools or we just let the problem of school violence continue to grow. |
| A) | hasty generalization |
| B) | post hoc, ergo propter hoc |
| C) | faulty analogy |
| D) | either-or |
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| 16 | The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?How can we take my opponent's proposed education bill seriously? After all, he flunked out of high school. |
| A) | bandwagon |
| B) | ad hominem |
| C) | slippery slope |
| D) | non sequitur |
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| 17 | The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?As we have seen, the trend is for companies to reduce long-term research and development costs in order to increase short-term profits. Since so many companies are doing this, it must make good business sense. |
| A) | bandwagon |
| B) | invalid deduction |
| C) | questionable case |
| D) | equivocation |
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| 18 | The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?How can we be so concerned about ethics in political campaigns when there are serious problems in the long-term stability of Social Security? |
| A) | red herring |
| B) | faulty syllogism |
| C) | misplaced premise |
| D) | slippery slope |
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| 19 | According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of which type of fallacy?Once we accept money from soft-drink companies for exclusive rights to sell their products in our high schools, it won't be long until businesses are deciding what courses should be taught and what teachers should be hired. |
| A) | equivocation |
| B) | post hoc, ergo proper hoc |
| C) | slippery slope |
| D) | invalid assumption |
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| 20 | Emotional appeal is often necessary when a speaker is trying to move an audience to action. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 21 | In persuasive speaking, it is usually appropriate to substitute emotional appeals for evidence and reasoning. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 22 | Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to generate emotional appeal in a persuasive speech? |
| A) | Use more denotative language to create an emotional response. |
| B) | Let emotional appeal grow naturally out of the speech content. |
| C) | Modify your body language to give your ideas emotional impact. |
| D) | All of the above. |
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| 23 | Identify and define the three types of credibility discussed in your textbook. |
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| 24 | What are three strategies discussed in your textbook for generating emotional appeal in a persuasive speech? |
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