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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
Meiosis increases the number of chromosomes in a cell.
A)True
B)False
2
A zygote always has the diploid number of chromosomes.
A)True
B)False
3
Sexual reproduction _____.
A)requires haploid gametes
B)results in a diploid zygote
C)creates offspring that are genetically different from the parents
D)all of the above
4
Sexual reproduction decreases the genetic variability of the next generation.
A)True
B)False
5
Homologous chromosomes are found in _____.
A)eggs
B)sperm
C)diploid body cells
D)both A and B
6
Homologous chromosomes _____.
A)have the same centromere position
B)contain genes for the same traits
C)are the same length
D)all of the above
7
Although homologous chromosomes have genes for the same traits such as hair color, one homologue may have a gene for brown hair and the other homologue may have a gene for blonde hair.
A)True
B)False
8
Gametes _____.
A)are diploid
B)contain only one chromosome of each kind
C)have the same number of chromosomes as the body cells
D)all of the above
9
Once duplicated, a chromosome is composed of two identical parts called _____.
A)sister chromatids
B)centromeres
C)homologous chromosomes
D)chiasmata
10
Replication of the DNA occurs _____.
A)prior to meiosis I
B)prior to meiosis II
11
Homologous chromosomes separate during _____.
A)meiosis I
B)meiosis II
12
A bivalent contains _____ chromatids.
A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
13
Replication of DNA is necessary between meiosis I and meiosis II.
A)True
B)False
14
At the completion of meiosis II, there are _____ daughter cells.
A)two haploid
B)two diploid
C)four haploid
D)four diploid
15
The diploid number of chromosomes is restored after _____ so that an animal's body cells contain the diploid number of chromosomes.
A)meiosis I
B)meiosis II
C)fertilization
16
Synapsis results in _____.
A)a bivalent
B)the diploid number of chromosomes
C)a zygote
D)four haploid cells
17
During meiosis II, sister chromatids separate from one another.
A)True
B)False
18
Following synapsis during meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes _____.
A)separate
B)join
C)diffuse
D)replicate
19
Sexual reproduction contributes greatly to the process of _____.
A)evolution
B)metabolism
C)organization
D)growth and repair
20
The only method of creating genetic variation is sexual reproduction.
A)True
B)False
21
Meiosis prevents the number of chromosomes from increasing in the next generation.
A)True
B)False
22
Regions where nonsister chromatids are attached due to crossing over are called _____.
A)centromeres
B)tetrads
C)chiasmata
D)centrioles
23
After crossing over, the sister chromatids _____.
A)are no longer identical
B)carry recombined genes
C)contain genetic instructions from a mother and father
D)all of the above
24
Genetic recombination during meiosis occurs by _____.
A)crossing over
B)independent assortment of homologous chromosomes
C)both A and B
25
When genetic information is exchanged between nonsister chromatids, _____ has occurred.
A)independent assortment of homologous chromosomes
B)a mutation
C)crossing over
D)fertilization
26
Organisms that reproduce asexually depend primarily on mutations for the generation of variation among their offspring.
A)True
B)False
27
We inherit half our chromosomes from our mother and half from our father.
A)True
B)False
28
During synapsis, a nucleoprotein lattice holds the _____ together.
A)sister chromatids
B)bivalent
C)centromeres
29
There is only one possible combination of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the gametes.
A)True
B)False
30
The combining of chromosomes from genetically different gametes occurs during _____.
A)crossing over
B)synapsis
C)meiosis II
D)fertilization
31
The chromosomes in one gamete have a different combination of genes than chromosomes in another gamete due to _____.
A)crossing over
B)independent alignment of bivalents at the metaphase plate
C)fertilization
D)cytokinesis
32
When homologues align at the metaphase plate, the maternal and paternal homologues are oriented towards a specific pole.
A)True
B)False
33
After anaphase I, each chromosome still has two chromatids.
A)True
B)False
34
Which of the following occurs during prophase I?
A)spindle forms
B)the nuclear envelope fragments
C)synapsis
D)all of the above
35
Crossing over between nonsister chromatids occurs during _____.
A)interkinesis
B)prophase I
C)telophase I
D)anaphase II
36
If telophase I takes place, which of the following always happens?
A)the nuclear envelope reforms
B)cytokinesis occurs
C)nucleoli appear
D)both A and C
37
The homologues of each bivalent separate and move to opposite poles during _____.
A)prophase I
B)metaphase II
C)anaphase I
D)anaphase II
38
DNA replication does not occur during interkinesis.
A)True
B)False
39
During _____ the sister chromatids separate and therefore four daughter cells each have chromosomes with one chromatid.
A)meiosis I
B)meiosis II
C)mitosis
D)both A and B
40
A fully formed spindle and alignment of the bivalents at the metaphase plate is characteristic of _____.
A)metaphase I
B)anaphase I
C)metaphase II
D)prophase I
41
The maternal homologue of each bivalent may be oriented toward either pole during metaphase I.
A)True
B)False
42
At the end of telophase II and cytokinesis there are __________ haploid cells.
A)two
B)four
C)six
43
The adult generation of all organisms is diploid.
A)True
B)False
44
Cells have one chromosome from each homologous pair during _____.
A)prophase II
B)metaphase II
C)anaphase II
D)all of the above
45
The two sister chromatids separate at the centromere during _____.
A)prophase II
B)metaphase I
C)telophase I
D)anaphase II
46
Sister chromatids align themselves at the metaphase plate during _____.
A)metaphase II
B)prophase I
C)anaphase II
D)interkinesis
47
In animals the haploid cells produced by meiosis mature and become _____.
A)spores
B)zygotes
C)gametes
D)diploid
48
Telophase II is characterized by _____.
A)the disappearance of the spindle
B)nuclei formation
C)cytokinesis
D)all of the above
49
The reduction in the number of chromosomes is completed following _____.
A)prophase II
B)telophase I
C)anaphase II
D)metaphase I
50
Which is characteristic of meiosis I?
A)pairing of chromosomes
B)separation of sister chromatids
C)diploid daughter cells
D)all of the above
51
The daughter cells from meiosis are not genetically identical to each other or the parental cell.
A)True
B)False
52
In humans, meiosis occurs _____.
A)only in the reproductive organs
B)in all tissues
C)during growth and repair
D)all of the above
53
DNA replication takes place _____ during meiosis.
A)only once
B)twice
54
Which is true of both meiosis II and mitosis?
A)pairing of chromosomes
B)diploid number of chromosomes at the metaphase plate
C)separation of sister chromatids
D)four daughter cells
55
Mitosis is characterized by _____ nuclear division(s).
A)one
B)two
C)four
56
Which of the following results in diploid daughter cells?
A)meiosis I
B)meiosis II
C)mitosis
57
The events of meiosis II are just like those of mitosis except that the nuclei contain the haploid number of chromosomes in meiosis II.
A)True
B)False
58
Homologous chromosomes pair and undergo crossing over only during _____.
A)meiosis I prophase I
B)meiosis II prophase II
C)mitosis prophase
59
Which of the following is characterized by a haploid number of chromosomes?
A)meiosis I prophase I
B)mitosis telophase
C)meiosis II anaphase II
D)meiosis I metaphase I
60
Mitosis results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and the parental cell.
A)True
B)False
61
Which phase is characterized by the haploid number of duplicated chromosomes at the metaphase plate?
A)meiosis II metaphase II
B)mitosis prophase
C)meiosis II telophase II
D)meiosis I metaphase I
62
During anaphase II of meiosis homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles.
A)True
B)False
63
Meiosis occurs at the same points during the life cycles of various organisms.
A)True
B)False
64
Zygotes may end up with an extra chromosome if a pair of homologous chromosomes fails to separate during anaphase I.
A)True
B)False
65
Mitosis occurs in humans during _____.
A)development of the zygote
B)growth of a child
C)repair of tissue at any time
D)all of the above
66
The alternation of generation life cycle is characteristic of _____.
A)animals
B)plants
C)protists
D)bacteria
67
In animals, the only haploid stage of the life cycle is the _____.
A)gametes
B)spores
C)zygote
D)adult
68
In fungi (and some algae), only the _____ are ever diploid.
A)gametes
B)adults
C)zygotes
D)spores
69
The production of haploid spores is characteristic of animal life cycles.
A)True
B)False
70
All three types of life cycles, typical of eukaryotic cells, include the production of gametes, a haploid phase, fertilization and a diploid phase.
A)True
B)False
71
Meiosis is not completed in females unless fertilization occurs.
A)True
B)False
72
In the animal life cycle, the diploid adult produces gametes by _____.
A)meiosis
B)mitosis
73
The completion of the first meiotic division in females results in _____.
A)four eggs
B)a secondary oocyte and a polar body
C)a zygote
D)two polar bodies
74
The process of meiosis in males (humans) always results in _____.
A)four spermatids
B)two sperm
C)two polar bodies
D)two secondary spermatocytes
75
When a primary spermatocyte undergoes meiosis I, two _____ secondary spermatocytes are produced.
A)diploid
B)haploid
76
The mature egg of a human has _____ chromosomes
A)46
B)23
C)2
77
In females, meiosis is a part of _____ which occurs in the ovaries and produces eggs.
A)fertilization
B)oogenesis
C)the alternation of generations
D)spermatogenesis
78
Meiosis in females produces only one egg and at least two polar bodies.
A)True
B)False
79
A primary spermatocyte with 46 chromosomes will undergo meiosis and yield _____.
A)four spermatids with 46 chromosomes
B)four spermatids with 23 chromosomes
C)two spermatids with 46 chromosomes
D)two spermatids with 23 chromosomes
80
Meiotic division in a diploid multicellular adult which results in haploid spores is characteristic of _____.
A)animals
B)bacteria
C)protists
D)plants







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