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13.1 The Genetic Material
  • DNA is the genetic material, and therefore its structure and functions constitute the molecular basis of inheritance.
  • DNA stores information regarding the development and metabolism of a cell.
  1. What are the three characteristics necessary for something to be used as genetic material?
    Answer
  2. What was concluded about hereditary material from an experiment by Hershey and Chase in which some viral DNA and protein coats were radioactively labeled and then allowed to infect bacteria?
    Answer
 Essential Study Partner Summaries of major points:
  1. Genetic material must be
  2. Previous knowledge about DNA
  3. Transformation of bacteria
  4. DNA: the transforming substance
  5. Reproduction of viruses
Art Quizzes
13.2 The Structure of DNA
  • DNA is a double helix; each of the two strands is a polymer of four different nucleotides.
  • Four nucleotides permit a great deal of variability, and the sequence of base pairs in DNA varies from gene to gene.
  • Hydrogen bonding between complementary bases joins the two strands.
  1. What is the major difference between a purine base and a pyrimidine?
    Answer
  2. List the purines and pyrimidines.
    Answer
  3. Describe the Watson-Crick model of DNA and explain complementary base pairing.
    Answer
 Essential Study Partner Summaries of major points:
  1. Nucleotide data
  2. Variation in base sequence
  3. Diffraction data
  4. Watson and Crick model
Art Quizzes Animations
(To play the animation, lengthen the pop-up window until the control bar appears.) Animation Quizzes
13.3 Replication of DNA
  • DNA is able to replicate, and in this way genetic information is passed from one cell generation to the next.
  • Mutations occur when there are errors during the replication process.
  1. Why is DNA replication considered to be semi-conservative?
    Answer
  2. What steps of DNA replication require the enzyme DNA polymerase?
    Answer
  3. What is a mutation?
    Answer
  4. What is the function of DNA repair enzymes?
    Answer
  5. Can mutations occurring in normal body cells (i.e. skin, muscle, etc.) affect the offspring of an individual and why or why not?
    Answer
 Essential Study Partner Summaries of major points:
  1. DNA replication is the process of copying a DNA molecule
  2. Replication is semiconservative
  3. Prokaryotic versus eukaryotic replication
  4. Replication errors
Animations
(To play the animation, lengthen the pop-up window until the control bar appears.)





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