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1 | |
Name the four layers of the atmosphere, from the lowest to the highest. |
| | A) | thermosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere |
| | B) | troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere |
| | C) | mesosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, thermosphere |
| | D) | troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, thermosphere |
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2 | |
The layer of the atmosphere that produces surface winds and weather is the: |
| | A) | troposphere. |
| | B) | mesosphere. |
| | C) | stratosphere. |
| | D) | thermosphere. |
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3 | |
Air density increases when: |
| | A) | it cools. |
| | B) | its water vapor content increases. |
| | C) | it warms. |
| | D) | its atmospheric pressure decreases. |
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4 | |
The standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is: |
| | A) | 1013.25 inches of mercury. |
| | B) | 760 millibars. |
| | C) | 1013.25 millibars. |
| | D) | 760 inches of mercury. |
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5 | |
Which of the following is not one of the four largest components of dry air? |
| | A) | CO2 |
| | B) | O2 |
| | C) | Ar |
| | D) | H2O |
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6 | |
Which of the following statements on CO2 is not correct? |
| | A) | The oceans are the largest reservoir for CO2. |
| | B) | Atmospheric CO2 absorbs terrestrial longwave radiation and warms the atmosphere. |
| | C) | Since the mid-1800s, the concentration of atmospheric CO2 has increased. |
| | D) | The greenhouse effect is an artificial atmospheric phenomenon produced by human activity. |
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7 | |
Which of the following statements on ozone is not correct? |
| | A) | Ozone depletion is accelerated by the breakdown of CFCs in the atmosphere. |
| | B) | Ozone is a health hazard at ground level. |
| | C) | Ozone is not a greenhouse gas. |
| | D) | Ozone in the stratosphere blocks incoming ultraviolet radiation. |
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8 | |
Which of the following statements on atmospheric sulfur is not correct? |
| | A) | Sulfur compounds are produced by marine organisms. |
| | B) | Acid rain over the oceans is rapidly lowering the pH of the oceans. |
| | C) | Global anthropogenic sulfur emissions are concentrated in the northern hemisphere. |
| | D) | Cloud density is partially controlled by airborne sulfur compound particles. |
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9 | |
On a non-rotating Earth model: |
| | A) | air over the equator warms, rises, and heads polewards. |
| | B) | cool, dry air settles at the poles and moves equatorwards. |
| | C) | surface winds in the southern hemisphere are south winds. |
| | D) | All of the above correctly describe atmospheric motion. |
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10 | |
The Coriolis effect results from: |
| | A) | the gravitational pull of the Sun. |
| | B) | lower rotational velocities at lower latitudes. |
| | C) | lower rotational velocities at higher latitudes. |
| | D) | All of the above are elements of the Coriolis effect. |
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11 | |
Air moving over the surface of the Earth: |
| | A) | is deflected to the left in the northern hemisphere. |
| | B) | is deflected to the right in the southern hemisphere. |
| | C) | is deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere. |
| | D) | will follow a straight path. |
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12 | |
Bands of winds blowing toward the equator are called the: |
| | A) | westerlies. |
| | B) | doldrums. |
| | C) | trade winds. |
| | D) | horse latitudes. |
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13 | |
The region near the equator of calm or unsteady winds is called the: |
| | A) | westerlies. |
| | B) | doldrums. |
| | C) | trade winds. |
| | D) | horse latitudes. |
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14 | |
Which of the following statements on clouds is not correct? |
| | A) | Clouds cool the Earth by reflecting and scattering solar radiation. |
| | B) | Clouds warm the Earth by absorbing and reemitting longwave terrestrial radiation. |
| | C) | Clouds may form from condensation nuclei in ships' exhausts. |
| | D) | Clouds appear white because they contain ice and snow crystals. |
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15 | |
The satellite-based instrument that detects wind speed and direction from ocean waves is a: |
| | A) | doppler radar. |
| | B) | scatterometer. |
| | C) | secchi disk. |
| | D) | coriolimeter. |
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16 | |
The winter monsoon in Asia is characterized by a: |
| | A) | warm, wet offshore wind. |
| | B) | warm, dry offshore wind. |
| | C) | cool, dry onshore wind. |
| | D) | cool, dry offshore wind. |
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17 | |
Which of the following processes is not identified with El Niño? |
| | A) | cool, dry weather along the coast of Peru |
| | B) | droughts in Indonesia |
| | C) | eastward flow of warm surface waters in the Equatorial Pacific |
| | D) | southern displacement of the polar jet stream over the Pacific |
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18 | |
Hurricanes in the northern hemisphere: |
| | A) | need a sea surface temperature of at least 27oC to form. |
| | B) | develop around a high pressure cell. |
| | C) | rotate in a clockwise direction. |
| | D) | are described by all of the above. |
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19 | |
The control of precipitation patterns associated with elevation changes is called the _________ effect. |
| | A) | topographic |
| | B) | orographic |
| | C) | jet stream |
| | D) | sprinkler |
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20 | |
Storm surges: |
| | A) | result from the very high atmospheric pressures associated with hurricanes. |
| | B) | may be amplified along shallow shores. |
| | C) | will be higher along deep water shores where there is more water. |
| | D) | occur on the back side of hurricanes. |
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21 | |
Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the atmosphere from highest to lowest? |
| | A) | thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere |
| | B) | troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, stratosphere |
| | C) | troposphere, stratosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere |
| | D) | troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere |
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22 | |
Order the constituents of the atmosphere from highest to lowest concentration. |
| | A) | nitrogen, oxygen, argon, hydrogen |
| | B) | oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon |
| | C) | oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, argon |
| | D) | hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, argon |
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23 | |
Which of the following is true about CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere? |
| | A) | CO2 increases during the spring and decreases during the fall. |
| | B) | CO2 remains constant with time. |
| | C) | CO2 Concentration has steadily been decreasing with time. |
| | D) | CO2 decreases during the spring and increases during the fall. |
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24 | |
Which of the following is NOT true? |
| | A) | Less dense air rises. |
| | B) | As air rises it cools. |
| | C) | Warm air is less dense than cool air. |
| | D) | Condensation occurs as air warms. |
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25 | |
Which wind system moves from west to east between 30º and 60º north and south latitude? |
| | A) | trade winds. |
| | B) | westerlies. |
| | C) | doldrums. |
| | D) | easterlies. |
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26 | |
Approximately what percentage of incoming solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's surface? |
| | A) | 100 |
| | B) | 47 |
| | C) | 31 |
| | D) | 17 |
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27 | |
Which of the following is NOT true about the global heat budget? |
| | A) | More heat is lost than gained at high latitudes. |
| | B) | More heat is gained than lost at low latitudes. |
| | C) | On a long-term basis, the low latitudes are increasing in temperature and the high latitudes are decreasing. |
| | D) | Wind and water transfer heat away from the equator. |
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28 | |
In which of the following locations would you expect to have the highest annual temperature range? |
| | A) | San Francisco, CA |
| | B) | Newport, RI |
| | C) | St. Louis, MO |
| | D) | New York, NY |
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29 | |
During an El Niño event: |
| | A) | atmospheric pressure is lower than normal in the western Pacific. |
| | B) | there is less rain than usual in western South America. |
| | C) | atmospheric pressure is lower than normal along the west coast of South America. |
| | D) | trade winds blow more strongly than usual from west to east. |
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2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education