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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
A __________ is a discrete cellular structure composed of a descretely packaged DNA molecule.
A)gene
B)chromosome
C)phenotype
D)genotype
2
A __________ is the physical expression of the genes present, and can change depending upon what genes are turned "on".
A)plasmid
B)chromosome
C)phenotype
D)genotype
3
Genes code for all of the following EXCEPT
A)structural components
B)regulatory components
C)RNA
D)DNA
4
All of the following are true regarding eukaryotic chromosomes EXCEPT
A)the DNA is tightly coiled around histone proteins.
B)the chromosomes are located in the nucleoid.
C)chromosomes vary in number from a few to hundreds.
D)chromosomes can occur in pairs or singles.
5
The basic unit of DNA structure is the
A)nitrogenous base.
B)purine.
C)pyrimidine.
D)nucleotide.
6
DNA replication involves all these steps EXCEPT
A)unzipping hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.
B)dissolution of the nuclear membrane.
C)synthesizing new DNA matching complementary base pairs.
D)uncoiling parent DNA.
7
Identify the purine from the list below:
A)cytosine
B)thymine
C)uracil
D)guanine
8
All of the following are complementary nucleotide base pairs EXCEPT
A)C-G
B)A-U
C)T-A
D)U-C
9
__________ contains the codes for the sequence of amino acids in protein.
A)Messenger RNA
B)Transfer RNA
C)Ribosomal RNA
D)Micro RNA
10
The DNA code for a protein (i.e. a codon) occurs in groups of __________ bases.
A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five
11
Synthesizing amino acid sequences from messenger RNA is called
A)transduction.
B)transformation.
C)translation.
D)transcription.
12
The processes of transcription and translation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes in the following way:
A)Eukaryotes transcribe DNA in the cytoplasm.
B)Eukaryotes translate DNA in the nucleus.
C)Prokaryotes transcribe and translate simultaneously.
D)Prokaryotes transcribe DNA in the nucleus.
13
Eukaryotic mRNA contain non-coding regions called
A)introns.
B)exons.
C)transposons.
D)transcriptons.
14
The lactose operon was first described by
A)James Watson and Francis Crick.
B)Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod.
C)Francis Collins and Craig Venter.
D)Alex Jeffreys.
15
The lactose operon itself has three important features. Which of the following is NOT one of these features?
A)the regulator
B)the control locus
C)the inducer
D)the structural locus
16
A change in DNA sequence arising from errors in replication that occur randomly is a(n)
A)spontaneous mutation.
B)induced mutation.
C)point mutation.
D)nonsense mutation.
17
Some bacteria are capable of obtaining DNA from the environment, which is problematic with antibiotic resistance genes. When a competent cell takes in DNA from outside the cell, it is termed
A)incorporation.
B)transformation.
C)encapsulation.
D)transduction.
18
Sexual reproduction in which a plasmid or other genetic material is transferred by a donor to a recipient cell via a direct connection is termed
A)recombination.
B)transduction.
C)conjugation.
D)transformation.
19
__________ are "jumping genes."
A)Transposons
B)Plasmids
C)Genomes
D)Mutations
20
The Ames test is used to identify potential carcinogens on the basis of their ability to
A)relocate genes from one section of the genome to another.
B)cause back-mutations in bacteria.
C)cause replication.
D)induce excision repairs.
21
The matching nucleotide base pairs in DNA are bound to one another by __________ bonds.
A)covalent
B)ionic
C)peptide
D)hydrogen
22
Codons are found in
A)rRNA.
B)mRNA.
C)tRNA.
D)all of the above.
23
DNA viruses tend to replicate in the nucleus while RNA viruses replicate in the
A)mitochondria.
B)ribosome.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)cytoplasm.
24
Major types of recombination include all of the following EXCEPT
A)conjugation.
B)transcription.
C)transformation.
D)transduction.
25
Organismal genetics observes the heredity of the whole organism.
A)True
B)False
26
The protein's secondary structure is responsible for the order and type of amino acids in the protein chain.
A)True
B)False
27
Translation is the first stage of gene expression.
A)True
B)False
28
Frameshift mutation nearly always results in a nonfunctional protein because every amino acid after the mutation is different from what was coded for in the original DNA.
A)True
B)False
29
Missense mutations are a type of frameshift mutation.
A)True
B)False
30
DNA strands are parallel, running in the same orientation.
A)True
B)False
31
Some mutations can be corrected using enzymes found in the cell.
A)True
B)False
32
The phenotype is the expression of the genotype.
A)True
B)False





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