 |
| 1 | |
When studying populations, it is important to include such factors as |
| | A) | age distribution. |
| | B) | sex ratio. |
| | C) | gene flow. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
Which statement is generally true? |
| | A) | As population density increases, population pressure decreases. |
| | B) | As population density increases, population pressure increases. |
| | C) | Population density and population pressure are not related. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
The theoretical maximum rate of reproduction is known as the |
| | A) | reproductive capacity. |
| | B) | biotic ratio. |
| | C) | relative species survival rate. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
During the lag phase of the population growth curve |
| | A) | both natality and mortality are low. |
| | B) | the population is in a state of stable equilibrium. |
| | C) | exponential growth is occurring but is not yet observable. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
When discussing population size, "environmental resistance" is caused by |
| | A) | reproductive capacity. |
| | B) | limiting factors. |
| | C) | habitat challenges. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
When discussing the factors that may limit the growth of a population, it is important to consider |
| | A) | nitrogen. |
| | B) | water. |
| | C) | energy availability. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
Wine can naturally reach an alcohol concentration of about 12% because |
| | A) | at higher alcohol concentrations, bacteria begin to break down the alcohol. |
| | B) | at higher alcohol concentrations the yeast population stops growing and eventually declines. |
| | C) | at higher alcohol concentrations the yeast population begins to metabolize the excess alcohol. |
| | D) | at higher alcohol concentrations alcohol reacts with other chemicals in the wine. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Which statement(s) is/are true? |
| | A) | The population sizes of two kinds of organisms may be interdependent if each is the primarily limiting factor of the other. |
| | B) | The population sizes of two kinds of organisms are not normally directly interdependent but may be indirectly interdependent. |
| | C) | It is usually considered accidental if the populations sizes of two kinds of organisms seem to be interdependent. |
| | D) | Two populations will be interdependent only if they have a common food supply. |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
Crowded living conditions resulting in a decrease in the number of rat litters would be considered an __________ limiting factor. |
| | A) | extrinsic |
| | B) | intrinsic |
| | C) | environmental |
| | D) | ethnic |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Density independent limiting factors include |
| | A) | rainstorms and killing frosts. |
| | B) | parasitic epidemics. |
| | C) | hunting and fishing. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Which of the following statements is/are true? |
| | A) | Earth would produce enough food to feed the people of the world, if government policies allowed. |
| | B) | Earth cannot produce enough food to feed all people, although sometimes food is available but other factors prevent its equitable distribution. |
| | C) | Earth produces adequate food but some areas have too much while other areas have too little. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
The availability of energy is a limiting factor that affects |
| | A) | transportation. |
| | B) | building. |
| | C) | food production. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
The interaction among organisms affects the human carrying capacity because |
| | A) | parasites cause many human deaths. |
| | B) | humans have mutualistic relationships with many plants and animals. |
| | C) | humans compete with animals for the food produced. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
As humans convert more and more land to agricultural and other purposes, organisms, including other humans, are displaced and problems of waste disposal arise. This could lead to |
| | A) | certain organisms going extinct because their habitat has been changed. |
| | B) | an increase in famine. |
| | C) | a decrease in available labor to work the lands. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
Humans are different from most other organisms because they can |
| | A) | predict the outcome of specific courses of action. |
| | B) | make decisions based on historical, social, cultural, ethical, and personal considerations. |
| | C) | make plans to solve problems facing our species. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
As population density increases, which one of the following is likely to occur? |
| | A) | natality will increase |
| | B) | mortality will decrease |
| | C) | the population will experience exponential growth |
| | D) | individuals will migrate from the area of highest density |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
Density-independent limiting factors |
| | A) | increase in intensity as the population increases. |
| | B) | are unrelated to population size. |
| | C) | usually influence the size of populations of large animals. |
| | D) | never affect population size. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
Which one of the following is NOT the direct result of increasing human population? |
| | A) | extinction of some kinds of animals |
| | B) | increased standard of living |
| | C) | decreased availability of energy |
| | D) | pollution |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
Populations of organisms that are in small, confined situations often have their population limited by |
| | A) | the production of their own wastes. |
| | B) | an inability to reproduce. |
| | C) | reduced biotic potential. |
| | D) | increased energy input. |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
A population made up primarily of prereproductive individuals will |
| | A) | increase rapidly in the future. |
| | B) | become extinct. |
| | C) | rarely occur. |
| | D) | remain stable for several generations. |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Some organisms have a low reproductive capacity but are very successful because |
| | A) | they have a short life span. |
| | B) | they have high mortality. |
| | C) | most of their offspring live. |
| | D) | they do not compete with other organisms. |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Which one of the following is an extrinsic limiting factor? |
| | A) | fights between males over females |
| | B) | competition over food |
| | C) | death due to unusual weather |
| | D) | increased sexual activity |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Listed below are the sex ratios for four populations. All other things being equal (including current population size), which population should experience the greatest future growth? |
| | A) | 1 male: 1 female |
| | B) | 2 male: 1 female |
| | C) | 1 male: 2 female |
| | D) | 3 male: 2 female |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
Listed below are the natality and mortality numbers for four populations. All other things being equal, which population will experience the greatest growth? |
| | A) | natality = 26/1000; mortality = 17/1000 |
| | B) | natality = 19/1000; mortality = 8/1000 |
| | C) | natality = 13/1000; mortality = 25/1000 |
| | D) | natality = 11/1000; mortality = 5/1000 |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
Mortality exceeds natality during the _____ phase. |
| | A) | death |
| | B) | lag |
| | C) | stable equilibrium |
| | D) | exponential growth |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
An exponential increase: |
| | A) | 100, 200, 300, 400, 500. |
| | B) | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. |
| | C) | 2, 4, 8, 16, 32. |
| | D) | 5, 10, 15, 20, 25. |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
The current human population is experiencing |
| | A) | a population decline. |
| | B) | slow steady growth. |
| | C) | stable equilibrium. |
| | D) | rapid growth. |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
Increasing a population's food supply may directly increase |
| | A) | environmental resistance on the population. |
| | B) | the carrying capacity for the population. |
| | C) | the population's mortality. |
| | D) | population pressure. |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
When yeasts ferment the sugar in grape juice, they produce ethyl alcohol. When alcohol concentration reaches a certain level, the yeast population declines and eventually dies. In this example, population growth of the yeast is stopped by |
| | A) | limited space. |
| | B) | limited food supply. |
| | C) | accumulation of waste. |
| | D) | disease. |
|
|
.