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| 1 | |
Which of the following statements about blood is/are true? |
| | A) | The cellular portion of the blood is called the plasma. |
| | B) | Anemia is a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. |
| | C) | Carbonic anhydrase is the carbon dioxide carrying molecule in the blood. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 2 | |
Tissue fluid that surrounds cells differs from plasma of the blood because tissue fluid |
| | A) | has less protein in it. |
| | B) | does not have salts in it. |
| | C) | has more salts in it. |
| | D) | has more protein in it. |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following is the correct pathway for a drop of blood? |
| | A) | right atrium, right ventricle, body, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium |
| | B) | right ventricle, right atrium, body, left ventricle, left atrium, lungs, right ventricle |
| | C) | right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, body, right atrium |
| | D) | right ventricle, right atrium, lungs, left ventricle, left atrium, body, right ventricle |
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| 4 | |
As the blood leaves the heart on its systemic circuit, which is the correct pathway for a drop of blood? |
| | A) | artery, arteriole, capillary, vein |
| | B) | artery, vein, arteriole, capillary |
| | C) | vein, capillary, arteriole, artery |
| | D) | vein, artery, arteriole, capillary |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following statements is/are true about the lymphatic system? |
| | A) | Lymph is produced when blood pressure forces water and small molecules through the walls of the capillaries. |
| | B) | The lymphatic vessels empty into the circulatory system. |
| | C) | Lymph nodes filter a portion of the body's fluids. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following statements about the lungs is/are true? |
| | A) | Rings of cartilage support the trachea and the bronchioles to prevent their collapsing. |
| | B) | The bronchioles, which are capable of constricting, deliver air to the alveoli. |
| | C) | Blood enters the alveoli to pick up oxygen. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following must occur for gas exchange to take place between the alveoli and capillaries? |
| | A) | The diaphragm must contract and relax. |
| | B) | The nervous system must send messages to the diaphragm. |
| | C) | The heart must pump blood. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 8 | |
Which of the following statements is/are true? |
| | A) | Teeth are involved in increasing the surface area of the food. |
| | B) | Salivary amylase initiates the chemical breakdown of proteins. |
| | C) | The epiglottis is a flap of tissue covering the opening to the esophagus. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 9 | |
The stomach |
| | A) | produces hydrochloric acid. |
| | B) | breaks food into smaller pieces. |
| | C) | releases an enzyme. |
| | D) | All of the above are correct. |
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| 10 | |
Bile is produced in the __________ and functions to __________. |
| | A) | small intestine / provide enzymes |
| | B) | pancreas / provide enzymes |
| | C) | liver / break down fats into smaller pieces |
| | D) | gallbladder / emulsifies fats |
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| 11 | |
The villus |
| | A) | increases the surface area of the small intestine. |
| | B) | contain lymph vessels. |
| | C) | contains capillaries. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 12 | |
The liver |
| | A) | filters the blood coming from the intestine. |
| | B) | digests glucose. |
| | C) | produces white blood cells. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following statements is/are true about the loop of Henle? |
| | A) | It is located between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. |
| | B) | It acts as a collecting duct for excess hydrogen ions. |
| | C) | It is the primary structure involved in the excretion of glucose from the vascular system. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 14 | |
When you are thirsty or dehydrated, |
| | A) | the hypothalamus produces less ADH and thus conserves the water in your system. |
| | B) | the hypothalamus produces more ADH and thus conserves the water in your system. |
| | C) | the kidney produces less ADH and thus conserves the water in your system. |
| | D) | the kidney produces more ADH and thus conserves the water in your system. |
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| 15 | |
Reabsorption of water occurs in association with |
| | A) | lungs. |
| | B) | duodenum. |
| | C) | loop of Henle. |
| | D) | liver. |
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| 16 | |
The primary structures involved in pumping blood are the |
| | A) | veins. |
| | B) | atria. |
| | C) | capillaries. |
| | D) | ventricles. |
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| 17 | |
Fats are broken down through the action of |
| | A) | salivary amylase. |
| | B) | bolus. |
| | C) | pepsin. |
| | D) | bile. |
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| 18 | |
The fluid portion of the blood that leaves the capillaries and surrounds the cells is |
| | A) | hemoglobin. |
| | B) | edema. |
| | C) | tissue fluid. |
| | D) | lacteal. |
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| 19 | |
In the kidneys, glucose molecules are reabsorbed by the |
| | A) | glomerulus. |
| | B) | proximal convoluted tubule. |
| | C) | distal convoluted tubule. |
| | D) | microvilli. |
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| 20 | |
Semilunar valves prevent the flow of blood into the |
| | A) | aorta. |
| | B) | atria. |
| | C) | ventricles. |
| | D) | arteries. |
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| 21 | |
Which one of the following results in an increase in surface area? |
| | A) | chewing |
| | B) | reabsorption |
| | C) | breathing |
| | D) | salivation |
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| 22 | |
Which of the following are involved in the clotting of blood? |
| | A) | platelets |
| | B) | lymphocytes |
| | C) | lymph |
| | D) | None of the above is correct. |
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| 23 | |
Blood is carried through vessels to all parts of the body except the lungs by |
| | A) | pulmonary circulation. |
| | B) | the pulmonary artery. |
| | C) | systemic circulation. |
| | D) | the lymphatic system. |
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| 24 | |
The exchange of materials between the outside of a large organism and its interior requires |
| | A) | a circulatory system. |
| | B) | diffusion. |
| | C) | a large surface area. |
| | D) | All of the above are involved. |
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| 25 | |
A blood pressure reading (120/80, for example) is |
| | A) | pressure while the heart is not contracting / pressure while heart is contracting. |
| | B) | pressure while exercising / pressure while at rest. |
| | C) | systolic blood pressure / diastolic blood pressure. |
| | D) | diastolic blood pressure / systolic blood pressure. |
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| 26 | |
The part of the lung where gas exchange takes place is the |
| | A) | alveoli. |
| | B) | trachea. |
| | C) | bronchi. |
| | D) | bronchioles. |
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| 27 | |
The structure of ________ provide an example of the human body maximizing surface area for the exchange of materials. |
| | A) | capillaries |
| | B) | alveoli |
| | C) | villi |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 28 | |
Bile produced by the liver is stored in the |
| | A) | duodenum. |
| | B) | gallbladder. |
| | C) | blood. |
| | D) | pancreas. |
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| 29 | |
The levels of water, hydrogen ions, salts, and urea in the blood are regulated by the |
| | A) | liver. |
| | B) | kidneys. |
| | C) | bladder. |
| | D) | rectum. |
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| 30 | |
All of the following are roles played by the lymphatic system EXCEPT |
| | A) | moves fat from the intestinal tract to the blood stream. |
| | B) | transports excess tissue fluid back to the cardiovascular system. |
| | C) | defends against harmful agents such as bacteria and viruses. |
| | D) | responsible for moving nutrients throughout the body. |
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| 31 | |
These are small encapsulated bodies found along the lymph vessels that contain large numbers of white blood cells, macrophages, and lymphocytes that remove microorganisms and foreign particles from the lymph: |
| | A) | Lymph nodes. |
| | B) | Lymph chambers. |
| | C) | Endolymphoidal tissue. |
| | D) | Spleenic nodes. |
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| 32 | |
This lymph organ is located behind the breastbone and is large and active in children: |
| | A) | Spleen. |
| | B) | Thymus gland. |
| | C) | Tonsil. |
| | D) | Red marrow. |
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| 33 | |
The liquid that bathes the body's cells and contains the same chemicals as plasma but smaller amounts of the blood protein albumin: |
| | A) | Lymph. |
| | B) | Serum. |
| | C) | Tissue fluid. |
| | D) | Blood. |
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