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| 1 | |
The difference between a heterotroph and an autotroph is that a heterotroph |
| | A) | utilizes cellular respiration, whereas an autotroph does not. |
| | B) | produces its own food molecules, which it then breaks down for usable energy. |
| | C) | gets energy from the chemical bonds of food molecules produced by other organisms. |
| | D) | All of the above are possible, though not necessarily possible in the same organism. |
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| 2 | |
To transfer the right amount of chemical-bond energy from energy-releasing to energy-requiring reactions, cells use the molecule(s) |
| | A) | ATP. |
| | B) | AAA. |
| | C) | C6H12O6. |
| | D) | CO2, H2, O2. |
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| 3 | |
An ATP molecule is composed of |
| | A) | 1 adenine, 3 riboses, 1 phosphate. |
| | B) | 3 adenines, 1 ribose, 1 phosphate. |
| | C) | 1 adenine, 1 ribose, 3 phosphates. |
| | D) | 3 adenines, 3 riboses, 3 phosphates. |
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| 4 | |
In aerobic cellular respiration, the final electron acceptor is |
| | A) | water. |
| | B) | oxygen. |
| | C) | hydrogen. |
| | D) | ATP. |
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| 5 | |
In the aerobic cellular respiration of glucose, the glucose molecule is |
| | A) | oxidized only. |
| | B) | reduced only. |
| | C) | both oxidized and reduced. |
| | D) | neither oxidized nor reduced. |
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| 6 | |
NAD+ and FADH are called |
| | A) | oxidation molecules. |
| | B) | reduction molecules. |
| | C) | phosphorylation molecules. |
| | D) | carrier molecules. |
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| 7 | |
In chemiosmosis, the energy comes from |
| | A) | electrons that are rich in kinetic energy. |
| | B) | electrons that are rich in potential energy. |
| | C) | ATP. |
| | D) | various cytochromes. |
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| 8 | |
The complete breakdown of one molecule of pyruvic acid is called |
| | A) | glycolysis. |
| | B) | the Krebs cycle. |
| | C) | the electron-transport system. |
| | D) | the glycolytic oxidation-reduction system. |
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| 9 | |
Anaerobic cellular respiration pathways that utilize glucose |
| | A) | are called fermentation pathways. |
| | B) | release less ATP and heat than aerobic pathways. |
| | C) | do not require oxygen. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 10 | |
When a triglyceride undergoes catabolic oxidation, |
| | A) | the glycerol is converted to PGAL and the fatty acids are broken down into two-carbon segments. |
| | B) | the fatty acids are converted to PGAL and the glycerol is broken down into two-carbon segments. |
| | C) | two-carbon segments are joined to form a fatty acid, which is then attached to a glycerol molecule. |
| | D) | two-carbon segments are joined to form a fatty acid, which is then attached to a PGAL molecule. |
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| 11 | |
Which statement(s) is/are true about proteins? |
| | A) | When proteins are eaten, component amino acids become available for the construction of new proteins. |
| | B) | When proteins are interconverted, an amino group is often removed and converted into ammonia. |
| | C) | Amino acids can be converted to fat for long term storage. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 12 | |
Spoilage is ____________. |
| | A) | aerobic cellular respiration of protein. |
| | B) | the anaerobic respiration of proteins with the release of nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds. |
| | C) | the fermentation of lactic acid. |
| | D) | the aerobic respiration of proteins with the release of nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds. |
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| 13 | |
Which contains the greater amount of potential energy for the production of ATP? |
| | A) | FAD |
| | B) | NAD+ |
| | C) | NADH |
| | D) | cytochromes |
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