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| 1 | |
Which of the following choices correctly describes the biological species concept? |
| | A) | This concept does not apply to asexual organisms. |
| | B) | Members of a species have a single gene pool. |
| | C) | Members of the same species can interbreed. |
| | D) | All of these choices describe the biological species concept correctly. |
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| 2 | |
The evolutionary species concept can be applied |
| | A) | to sexually and asexually reproducing organisms. |
| | B) | only to sexually reproducing organisms. |
| | C) | without regard for trait differences. |
| | D) | based upon the presence or absence of a single gene pool. |
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| 3 | |
Red maple and sugar maple trees do not exchange pollen because of |
| | A) | temporal isolation, a prezygotic isolating mechanism. |
| | B) | zygote mortality, a postzygotic isolating mechanism. |
| | C) | hybrid sterility, a postzygotic isolating mechanism. |
| | D) | habitat isolation, a prezygotic isolating mechanism. |
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| 4 | |
Breeding at different times of the year is an example of __________, which is a _________ isolating mechanism. |
| | A) | behavioral isolation, prezygotic |
| | B) | temporal isolation, prezygotic |
| | C) | F2 fitness, postzygotic |
| | D) | zygote mortality, postzygotic |
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| 5 | |
The text discusses three postzygotic isolating mechanisms. Which description below matches the mechanism the text calls zygote mortality? |
| | A) | A hybrid zygote dies. |
| | B) | Zygote development is prevented because mitosis does not proceed properly. |
| | C) | Both choices describe zygote mortality. |
| | D) | Neither of these choices describes zygote mortality. |
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| 6 | |
The use of pheromones is an example of which type of isolation? |
| | A) | postzygotic |
| | B) | mechanical |
| | C) | temporal |
| | D) | behavioral |
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| 7 | |
Characteristics of animal genitalia which make mating with other species impossible are forms of __________ isolation. |
| | A) | mechanical |
| | B) | temporal |
| | C) | gamete |
| | D) | habitat |
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| 8 | |
True or False: If the geographic barrier that causes allopatric speciation is removed, reproductive isolation no longer continues. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 9 | |
As discussed in the text, allopatric speciation is exemplified by which of the following organisms? |
| | A) | the western wildflower |
| | B) | sockeye salmon and Anolis lizards |
| | C) | bananas |
| | D) | the Meadow Brown butterfly |
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| 10 | |
An ancestral species of finch gave rise to the many species of finches of the Galápagos Islands when groups of finches found ecological niches, isolating their genes. What occurred among these finches? |
| | A) | nonrandom mating |
| | B) | random mating |
| | C) | adaptive radiation |
| | D) | sustained gene flow |
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| 11 | |
True or False: The different finch species of the Galápagos Islands interbreed when they reside on the same island. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 12 | |
Sympatric speciation can occur due to |
| | A) | hybridization. |
| | B) | random mating. |
| | C) | geographic isolation. |
| | D) | Sympatric speciation can occur due to all of these things. |
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| 13 | |
Speciation through __________ requires two steps and involves different but related species. Speciation through __________ is seen in diploid plants when __________ occurs during meiosis to produce diploid gametes, producing offspring with more than two sets of chromosomes. |
| | A) | alloploidy; autoploidy; independent assortment |
| | B) | autoploidy; polyploidy; nondisjunction |
| | C) | polyploidy; alloploidy; independent assortment |
| | D) | alloploidy; autoploidy; nondisjunction |
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| 14 | |
Which model of speciation proposes that new species evolve slowly after populations become isolated? |
| | A) | the descent with modification model of speciation |
| | B) | the gradualistic model of speciation |
| | C) | the punctuated equilibrium model of speciation |
| | D) | the disruptive model of speciation |
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| 15 | |
A scientist who believes that the fossil record provides us evidence that new species appear suddenly probably supports |
| | A) | descent with modification model of speciation. |
| | B) | the gradualistic model of speciation. |
| | C) | the punctuated equilibrium model of speciation. |
| | D) | disruptive model of speciation. |
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| 16 | |
Which model of speciation does each part of the figure represent?
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| | A) | Part “A” represents the gradualistic model; Part “B” represents the punctuated equilibrium model |
| | B) | Part “A” represents the equilibrium model; Part “B” represents the punctuated gradualistic model |
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| 17 | |
A change in regulatory gene expression can |
| | A) | changes in regulatory gene expression can do all of these things. |
| | B) | increase or decrease limb length. |
| | C) | bring about changes in body shape. |
| | D) | create an overall larger animal. |
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| 18 | |
True or False: The same regulatory genes occur in all organisms. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 19 | |
Which of the following regulatory genes are considered master regulatory genes? |
| | A) | Pax6 |
| | B) | the Hox genes |
| | C) | Tbx5 |
| | D) | None of these are considered master regulatory genes. |
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| 20 | |
Changes to horses, including increases in overall size and differences in tooth size and shape, resulted from |
| | A) | horses wanting to be bigger. |
| | B) | horses wanting to eat different food. |
| | C) | adaptive changes in response to environmental pressures. |
| | D) | smaller horses being sterile when larger horses were fertile. |
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