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| 1 | |
Which characteristic(s) of mitochondria and chloroplasts supports their existence as independent prokaryotic cells that were engulfed by eukaryotic cells? |
| | A) | their size |
| | B) | presence of their own DNA |
| | C) | their self-replication by binary fission |
| | D) | all of these characteristics support that mitochondria and chloroplasts were independent prokaryotic cells that were engulfed by eukaryotic cells |
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| 2 | |
Mitochondria originated from __________, which were engulfed during __________ endosymbiosis. Chloroplasts originated from __________, which were engulfed during __________ endosymbiosis. |
| | A) | aerobic bacterium; primary; cyanobacteria; primary |
| | B) | anaerobic bacterium; primary; cyanobacteria; secondary |
| | C) | cyanobacteria; primary; aerobic bacterium; secondary |
| | D) | cyanobacteria; primary; aerobic bacterium; primary |
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| 3 | |
Secondary endosymbiosis refers to the process by which |
| | A) | prokaryotes acquired chloroplasts. |
| | B) | prokaryotes acquired mitochondria. |
| | C) | eukaryotic cells engulfed cyanobacteria. |
| | D) | eukaryotic cells with mitochondria engulfed a photosynthetic. |
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| 4 | |
Though there are exceptions, __________ is a common reproductive strategy among protists. |
| | A) | sexual reproduction by mitosis |
| | B) | asexual reproduction by mitosis |
| | C) | binary fission |
| | D) | asexual reproduction by meiosis |
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| 5 | |
Protists with chloroplasts are __________ that make their own food. Protists that lack chloroplasts ___________ and are thus heterotrophic; this group is generally known as __________. |
| | A) | parasites; ingest food; protozoans |
| | B) | heterotrophs; photosynthesize; plankton |
| | C) | photosynthetic autotrophs; ingest or absorb food; protozoans |
| | D) | green algae; are parasites; plankton |
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| 6 | |
An endosymbiotic protist that does not cause disease is likely |
| | A) | plankton. |
| | B) | a protozoan. |
| | C) | a parasitic heterotroph. |
| | D) | a photosynthetic autotroph. |
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| 7 | |
The euglenoids are |
| | A) | euglenoids can be all of these things. |
| | B) | photosynthetic organisms with chloroplasts. |
| | C) | heterotrophic organisms without chloroplasts. |
| | D) | flagellated freshwater unicellular organisms. |
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| 8 | |
African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease are caused by |
| | A) | amoeboids found in zooplankton. |
| | B) | euglenoids with chloroplasts. |
| | C) | photosynthetic protists. |
| | D) | parasitic flagellates. |
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| 9 | |
Amoeboids feed by |
| | A) | photosynthesis, by which they make their own food in their chloroplasts. |
| | B) | phagocytosis, which occurs as pseudopods surround and engulf prey. |
| | C) | decomposing dead organisms. |
| | D) | absorbing nutrients from their surroundings. |
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| 10 | |
Foraminiferans and radiolarians |
| | A) | share a clade with the amoeboids. |
| | B) | are amoeboids with shells called tests. |
| | C) | have pseudopods, but are not amoeboids. |
| | D) | do not have pseudopods, though they do have shells, called tests. |
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| 11 | |
A ciliate might have __________, which discharge structures that are useful in defense or prey capture. |
| | A) | anal pores |
| | B) | trypanosomes |
| | C) | contractile vacuoles |
| | D) | trichocysts |
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| 12 | |
Ciliates reproduce __________ and have __________ to control metabolism and reproduction. |
| | A) | both sexually and asexually; two types of nuclei |
| | B) | sexually; a single nucleus |
| | C) | asexually; two types of nuclei |
| | D) | by binary fission; a nucleoid |
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| 13 | |
The nonmotile apicomplexan Plasmodium vivax causes |
| | A) | Chagas disease. |
| | B) | vaginitis. |
| | C) | African sleeping sickness. |
| | D) | malaria. |
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| 14 | |
Which phase of Plasmodium vivax’s life cycle takes place in the human liver? In the mosquito carrier? |
| | A) | the sexual phase; the asexual phase |
| | B) | the asexual phase; the sexual phase |
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| 15 | |
__________ molds are found in forests, fields, and in soil. They exist in two forms, individual amoeboid __________ and diploid multinucleated __________. |
| | A) | Slime; sporangium; flagellated cells |
| | B) | Water; sporangium; flagellated cells |
| | C) | Slime; cellular slime molds; plasmodial slime molds |
| | D) | Water; cellular water molds; plasmodial water molds |
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| 16 | |
__________ are among the most numerous of all unicellular algae in the oceans and produce a major portion of the earth’s oxygen supply. |
| | A) | Red algae |
| | B) | Sporozoa |
| | C) | Dinoflagellates |
| | D) | Diatoms |
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| 17 | |
The phenomenon known as red tide is caused by |
| | A) | population explosions in dinoflagellates. |
| | B) | population explosions in red algae. |
| | C) | built up remains of diatoms. |
| | D) | bacterial invasion of the phytoplankton. |
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| 18 | |
The seaweed observed on the shoreline in the north temperate zone, sometimes called kelp, is |
| | A) | green algae. |
| | B) | blue-green algae. |
| | C) | red algae. |
| | D) | brown algae. |
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| 19 | |
Ice cream, sherbet, and cream cheese are made from alginate, a pectinlike material produced by __________ algae. An emulsifying agent used in cosmetics and chocolate, as well as the wrappings for sushi rolls are made from extracts or parts of __________ algae. |
| | A) | brown; green |
| | B) | brown; red |
| | C) | red; green |
| | D) | green; brown |
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| 20 | |
Green algae are believed to be closely related to the first plants, and are classified as plants by some authorities, because both groups |
| | A) | have a cell wall containing cellulose. |
| | B) | possess chlorophylls a and b. |
| | C) | All of these choices accurately complete this statement. |
| | D) | store reserve food in the form of starch. |
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