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| 1 | |
Animals undergo development in defined stages that produce |
| | A) | two specific germ layers. |
| | B) | one nonspecific germ layer. |
| | C) | nonspecific tissues and organs. |
| | D) | specialized tissues and organs. |
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| 2 | |
The typical number of germ layers in animals is __________, though cnidarians have fewer. |
| | A) | four |
| | B) | one |
| | C) | two |
| | D) | three |
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| 3 | |
Why is the phylogenetic tree of animals based on molecular and anatomic data and not fossil evidence? |
| | A) | Fossil evidence and anatomic data are the same thing |
| | B) | There are no fossilized animals, only plants |
| | C) | The fossil evidence does not match the molecular evidence |
| | D) | There is not adequate fossil evidence to trace the early evolution of animals |
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| 4 | |
During development, protostomes and deuterostomes display distinct patterns. Radial cleavage and development of the anus at or near the blastopore is characteristic of _________. |
| | A) | deuterostomes |
| | B) | protostomes |
| | C) | both groups |
| | D) | neither of these groups |
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| 5 | |
Which characteristic of most other animals do sponges lack? |
| | A) | multicellularity |
| | B) | sexual reproduction |
| | C) | true tissues |
| | D) | heterotrophy |
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| 6 | |
Cnidarians have which type of body? |
| | A) | tube-like |
| | B) | flattened solid |
| | C) | bilaterally symmetrical |
| | D) | radially symmetrical |
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| 7 | |
The two basic body forms seen among cnidarians are |
| | A) | polyp and medusa. |
| | B) | medusa and nematocyst. |
| | C) | polyp and nematocyst. |
| | D) | ectoderm and endoderm. |
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| 8 | |
Flatworms |
| | A) | are radially symmetrical, like cnidarians. |
| | B) | have many segments. |
| | C) | are the first organisms to possess and flow-through digestive system. |
| | D) | have a flat body that allows diffusion of gasses without a respiratory system. |
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| 9 | |
Tapeworms and flukes |
| | A) | are closely related to flatworms, but belong to their own group. |
| | B) | are parasitic flatworms. |
| | C) | are coelomates. |
| | D) | are planarians. |
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| 10 | |
A coelom is advantageous because |
| | A) | it allows space for complex organs and organ systems to develop. |
| | B) | it allows for free body movements because the outer wall moves independently of the enclosed organs. |
| | C) | both of these are advantages to having a coelom. |
| | D) | there is no advantage to having a coelom over not having a coelom. |
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| 11 | |
The body of a mollusc contains a |
| | A) | foot. |
| | B) | mantle. |
| | C) | visceral mass. |
| | D) | The body of a mollusc is made up of all of these structures. |
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| 12 | |
Annelids are |
| | A) | segmented worms. |
| | B) | flat-bodied worms. |
| | C) | parasitic worms. |
| | D) | acoelomates. |
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| 13 | |
Most annelids are |
| | A) | leeches. |
| | B) | polychaetes that live in moist soil. |
| | C) | oligochaetes, like earthworms. |
| | D) | polychaetes that live in marine environments. |
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| 14 | |
True or False: Arthropods have a closed circulatory system. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 15 | |
The body of the insect has __________ major body segments: __________. |
| | A) | two; a head and a cephalothorax |
| | B) | three; a cephalothorax, thorax, and abdomen |
| | C) | three; a head, thorax, and abdomen |
| | D) | four; a head, cephalus, thorax, and abdomen |
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| 16 | |
Echinoderms have |
| | A) | a complex circulatory system. |
| | B) | a complex excretory system |
| | C) | a complex respiratory system. |
| | D) | a water vascular system, which they use to move. |
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| 17 | |
Vertebrates are distinguished in particular by which feature(s)? |
| | A) | a jointed internal skeleton |
| | B) | lack of cephalization |
| | C) | an open circulatory system |
| | D) | Vertebrates are distinguished by all of these features. |
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| 18 | |
Which of the following are invertebrate chordates? |
| | A) | there is no such thing as an invertebrate chordate |
| | B) | bony fishes |
| | C) | cartilaginous fishes |
| | D) | tunicates and lancelets |
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| 19 | |
Which fishes are the sharks, rays, and skates? |
| | A) | the bony fishes |
| | B) | the cartilaginous fishes |
| | C) | the freshwater fishes |
| | D) | the agnathous, or jawless, fishes |
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| 20 | |
In reptiles, |
| | A) | self-fertilization occurs, since most are hermaphrodites. |
| | B) | fertilization is unnecessary since reproduction is asexual. |
| | C) | internal fertilization occurs. |
| | D) | external fertilization occurs. |
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