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| 1 | |
In their adaptation to living in trees, primates evolved with trends towards all of the following characteristics except |
| | A) | a reduced reproductive rate. |
| | B) | a large, complex brain. |
| | C) | mobile limbs. |
| | D) | bipedalism. |
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| 2 | |
In primates, a shortened snout and front-facing eyes improved the sense of __________, while the importance of the sense of __________ declined. |
| | A) | sight; balance |
| | B) | balance; sight |
| | C) | smell; sight |
| | D) | sight; smell |
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| 3 | |
Primates have large, complex brains, which have larger portions devoted to __________ and ___________, and processing information received from the hands and thumb, the latter of which resulted in __________. |
| | A) | smell, communication; the ability to walk upright |
| | B) | sight, communication; good hand-eye coordination |
| | C) | balance, smell; good hand-eye coordination |
| | D) | smell, balance; the ability to walk upright |
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| 4 | |
True or False: The primates include prosimians, monkeys, apes, and humans. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 5 | |
According to the evolutionary tree shown, which depicts the relationships of primates, __________ share a common mammalian ancestor.
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| | A) | none of the primates |
| | B) | only the gorillas and humans |
| | C) | only the humans and chimpanzees |
| | D) | all primates |
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| 6 | |
__________ were the first group of primates to diverge from a common mammalian ancestor.
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| | A) | humans |
| | B) | apes |
| | C) | monkeys |
| | D) | prosimians |
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| 7 | |
Monkeys, apes, and humans share which common ancestor?
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| | A) | an anthropoid |
| | B) | a hominoid |
| | C) | a hominin |
| | D) | monkeys, apes, and humans do not share any of these common ancestors. |
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| 8 | |
True or False: Early humanlike hominins and modern humans belong to the same genus, Homo. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 9 | |
Ardi, or Ardipithecus ramidus, had |
| | A) | features that suggest this species spent no time in trees. |
| | B) | primitive features along with other features that are humanlike. |
| | C) | a brain of comparable size to modern humans. |
| | D) | no features to indicate the ability to walk upright. |
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| 10 | |
Molecular data tells us that the split between humans and apes occurred about __________ years ago. |
| | A) | 7 million |
| | B) | 1 million |
| | C) | 10 million |
| | D) | 150,000 |
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| 11 | |
“Lucy” was a hominid called |
| | A) | Homo erectus. |
| | B) | Australopithecus africanus. |
| | C) | Australopithecus afarensis. |
| | D) | Ardipithecus ramidus. |
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| 12 | |
True or False: The phrase mosaic evolution is used to describe human evolution because some body parts are more humanlike than others in early hominids. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 13 | |
Early Homo species |
| | A) | had a brain size less than 300 cc. |
| | B) | had a brain size between 300 and 350 cc. |
| | C) | had a brain size of 1,000 cc or greater. |
| | D) | had a brain size of 600 cc or greater. |
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| 14 | |
Homo erectus fossil evidence indicates that members of this species |
| | A) | did not live in trees. |
| | B) | were adapted to a hot, dry climate. |
| | C) | gave birth to infants that required care while the brain developed from an immature state. |
| | D) | Homo erectus fossil evidence indicates all of these things. |
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| 15 | |
Homo sapiens |
| | A) | gave rise to archaic humans. |
| | B) | are archaic species of humans who lived in Europe or Africa. |
| | C) | are believed to have replaced the archaic species in Africa and migrated out of Africa to replace archaic species in Europe and Asia, too. |
| | D) | are extinct. |
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| 16 | |
Cro-Magnons are |
| | A) | early Homo species including Homo habilis and Homo erectus. |
| | B) | Neandertals from the Middle East and Europe. |
| | C) | the archaic humans that were replaced by modern Homo species. |
| | D) | modern humans that replaced archaic humans. |
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| 17 | |
Evidence of advanced tool making, art, and other cultural attributes is particularly evident in |
| | A) | Neandertal culture. |
| | B) | Cro-Magnon culture. |
| | C) | Homo erectus culture. |
| | D) | even the earliest Australopithecus fossil evidence. |
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| 18 | |
Neandertals, compared to Cro-Magnons, were |
| | A) | more muscular. |
| | B) | smaller brained. |
| | C) | unable to survive cold weather during the Ice Age. |
| | D) | culturally primitive. |
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| 19 | |
Archaeological evidence of culture in Cro-Magnons is supported by fossil evidence that indicates they had large brains. Development of large, complex brains allowed Cro-Magnons to |
| | A) | design and manipulate tools and weapons that were more sophisticated than those used by earlier humans. |
| | B) | use patterned sounds in a language for communication. |
| | C) | develop agricultural practices in combination with hunting and fishing techniques to source food. |
| | D) | All of these cultural advances resulted from brain development. |
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| 20 | |
True or False: Molecular evidence supports the existence of a common ancestor for all human populations about 3 million years ago. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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