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| 1 | |
Which is a complete list of the levels of biological organization from simplest to most complex? |
| | A) | organisms → organ systems → organs → tissues → cells → molecules |
| | B) | cells → tissues → molecules → organ systems → organs → organisms |
| | C) | cells → molecules → tissues → organs → organ systems → organisms |
| | D) | molecules → cells → tissues → organs → organ systems → organisms |
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| 2 | |
Which tissue type covers body surfaces and lines body cavities? |
| | A) | epithelial tissue |
| | B) | connective tissue |
| | C) | muscular tissue |
| | D) | nervous tissue |
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| 3 | |
Epithelium is joined to underlying connective tissue by |
| | A) | gap junctions. |
| | B) | desmosomes. |
| | C) | tight junctions. |
| | D) | a basement membrane. |
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| 4 | |
A single layer of flattened cells attached to a basement membrane, like the central cavity of blood vessels, is |
| | A) | pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. |
| | B) | simple columnar epithelium. |
| | C) | simple cuboidal epithelium. |
| | D) | simple squamous epithelium. |
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| 5 | |
Cube-shaped epithelial cells like those that line the lumen of the __________ are simple cuboidal epithelium; simple columnar epithelium, which lines the lumen of the __________, is made up of rectangular epithelial cells. __________ serve to increase surface area and absorption because of their microvilli. |
| | A) | blood vessels; ovarian tubes; simple columnar epithelium |
| | B) | ovarian tubes; blood vessels; simple cuboidal epithelium |
| | C) | kidney tubules; digestive system; simple columnar epithelium |
| | D) | digestive system; kidney tubules; simple cuboidal epithelium |
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| 6 | |
Simple and stratified are terms that refer to |
| | A) | the location of epithelial tissue. |
| | B) | the presence or absence of nuclei in epithelial tissue. |
| | C) | the shape of cells in epithelial tissue. |
| | D) | the number of layers of cells in epithelial tissue. |
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| 7 | |
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium __________ and is found __________. |
| | A) | appears to be layered; lining the windpipe |
| | B) | is only partially layered; in the outer layers of skin |
| | C) | has too many layers to count; in the innermost layer of skin |
| | D) | is not truly layered; in the lining of the lungs |
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| 8 | |
True or False: There is more connective tissue distributed all over the body of vertebrate than any other tissue. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 9 | |
Which connective tissue allows the organs it is found in to expand? |
| | A) | adipose |
| | B) | loose fibrous |
| | C) | dense fibrous |
| | D) | blood |
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| 10 | |
Which connective tissue is composed of many cell types suspended in a liquid matrix? |
| | A) | adipose |
| | B) | loose fibrous |
| | C) | blood |
| | D) | hyaline cartilage |
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| 11 | |
Which type of tissue moves body parts and generates heat? |
| | A) | nervous tissue |
| | B) | connective tissue |
| | C) | epithelial tissue |
| | D) | muscular tissue |
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| 12 | |
Which tissue is attached by tendons to bone and has cells with multiple nuclei and striations? |
| | A) | skeletal muscle |
| | B) | cardiac muscle |
| | C) | smooth muscle |
| | D) | all types of muscle tissue |
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| 13 | |
Which muscle tissue is involuntary? |
| | A) | skeletal muscle |
| | B) | smooth muscle |
| | C) | cardiac muscle |
| | D) | both smooth and cardiac muscle tissue are involuntary |
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| 14 | |
A nerve cell, called a neuron, has three parts: the __________ that conducts signals towards the body, the __________ that conducts nerve impulses, and the __________, which contains the majority of the cell’s cytoplasm and the nucleus of the neuron. |
| | A) | axon; dendrite; cell body |
| | B) | dendrite; axon; cell body |
| | C) | cell body; axon; dendrite |
| | D) | cell body; dendrite; axon |
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| 15 | |
Neuroglia cells, which do not have __________, serve to support and nourish nerve cells. They comprise more than half the volume of the __________. |
| | A) | axons; spinal cord |
| | B) | dendrites; spinal cord |
| | C) | axons; brain |
| | D) | dendrites; brain |
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| 16 | |
Skin color is a result of melanin, produced by melanocytes in the __________, the __________ layer of the skin. Wrinkles result from breakdown of the collagen and elastic fibers in the __________, the __________ layer of the skin. |
| | A) | dermis; bottom; epidermis; top |
| | B) | dermis; top; epidermis; bottom |
| | C) | epidermis; bottom; dermis; top |
| | D) | epidermis; top; dermis; bottom |
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| 17 | |
The body’s functions are coordinated and regulated by the __________ systems; the __________ system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and the __________ system, which consists of hormonal glands. |
| | A) | control; nervous; endocrine |
| | B) | maintenance; nervous; lymphatic |
| | C) | transport; cardiovascular; endocrine |
| | D) | protective; cardiovascular; lymphatic |
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| 18 | |
What are the functions of the integumentary, skeletal, and muscular systems? |
| | A) | maintenance and control |
| | B) | protection and control |
| | C) | transport and movement |
| | D) | protection and movement |
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| 19 | |
Which of the following is not an example of homeostasis? |
| | A) | Blood glucose stays at around 0.1%. |
| | B) | The kidneys form the same amount of urine each day, no matter how much fluid the body takes in. |
| | C) | Blood pH is always near 7.4. |
| | D) | The temperature of blood, on average, is 37oC. |
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| 20 | |
How do negative feedback mechanisms, like those that maintain blood sugar or body temperature, make changes to the body’s internal environment? |
| | A) | A negative feedback mechanism works by using the output of a system to increase the production of the system. |
| | B) | A negative feedback mechanism continually stimulates a sensor until illness results. |
| | C) | A negative feedback mechanism, with its sensor and control center, reverses a change in a system to return conditions to normalcy. |
| | D) | A negative feedback mechanism uses a sensor and a control center to encourage changes in one direction. |
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